Lectins are proteins which specifically bind (or crosslink) carbohydrates. Recent studies have shown the importance of glycosylation in pathogenesis of diseases. Lectin-positive spherical deposits (SPD), 3-10 micron in diameter, have been detected in the molecular layer of dentate gyrus of hippocampus in dementia, Down’s syndrome, and schizophrenia. In schizophrenia, SPD was observed without ex...

This paper aimed to examine the debate over the fertility decline in the German Empire, focusing on the role of the SPD. During the German Empire, the fertility rate dramatically declined and the growing awareness of a continuous decline in the birth rate prompted a massive debate among politicians, doctors, sociologists, and feminist activists. The fertility decline was negatively evaluated an...

OBJECTIVE This study examined MRI hippocampal volume and cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in female subjects with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) and comparison subjects. METHOD MRI was performed on 20 SPD and 29 comparison subjects with delineation of left and right hippocampi. Number of slices containing the CSP was counted. Subjects were given a working memory task, the Delayed Alternati...

The concentration of putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) was determined in chilled meat and kidneys of 18 rabbits and in liver of 12 animals 24h after slaughter. Very low PUT concentrations were detected only in kidneys. Mean SPD levels were 2.2, 2.2, 61.7 and 32.7mgkg(-1) in saddle, leg, liver and kidneys, respectively. The respective SPM concentrations were 14.7, 8.0, 115 an...

Symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD) has been recognized as an Obstetric condition since the time of Hippocrates. In spite of this long history, many medical staff remain unaware of the condition. Women continue to suffer from symphysis pubis pain with considerable reduction in quality of life during pregnancy. In recent years there has been an upsurge in the reported incidence of SPD partly due t...

mine (spm), present in mammalian tissues, are regulated under a variety of physiological conditions. Their tissue concentrations are controlled by a number of factors: (1) polyamine biosynthetic enzymes, such as ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC), spermidine synthase (spd-syn) and spermine synthase (spm-syn); (2) polyamine catabolic enzymes, such as ...

For eight generations, mouse lines were selected for smaller or larger reduction in postweaning gain from endophyte-infected fescue seed in the diet. After five generations in which there was no further selection for divergence in response to fescue toxicosis, the current experiment was conducted to determine whether resistant (R) and susceptible (S) lines differed in response to the mycotoxin ...

Sir, Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD) is an uncommon, chronic/recurrent, pustular eruption characterized by subcorneal sterile pustules involving mainly the abdomen and the large folds. Originally described in 1956 by Sneddon & Wilkinson (1), the condition can be ascribed to the complex group of neutrophilic dermatoses (2). The pathophysiology underlying SPD is presently unknown, but the di...

We study the online estimation of the optimal policy of a Markov decision process (MDP). We propose a class of Stochastic Primal-Dual (SPD) methods which exploit the inherent minimax duality of Bellman equations. The SPD methods update a few coordinates of the value and policy estimates as a new state transition is observed. These methods use small storage and has low computational complexity p...

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a complex chronic inflammatory respiratory disease with multiple pathogenic factors and high morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and surfactant protein D (SPD) were investigated in OSAHS patients, to determine their clinical significance and correlation with the pathog...