The Caspian trout is an endangered and quite vulnerable fish, considered for a natural protection program in the southern area of the Caspian Sea. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are toxic substances, which induce oxidative stress, not to mention other pathophysiological states. The toxicity of nanoparticles on fish needs more characterization for short- and long-term effects.  Thus, the p...

The Upper Cretaceous (?Santonian) Aitym Formation in the central Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan, produced remains of a cimolodontan multituberculate (Uzbekbaatar wardi), a spalacotheriid symmetrodont (cf. Shalbaatar sp.), a deltatheroidan (cf. Deltatherus sp.), possibly the asioryctithere aff. Daulestes sp., possibly two zalambdalestids (Kulbeckia sp. cf. K. kulbecke and aff. Kulbeckia sp.), two s...

background and objectives: the usepa has suggested faecal enterococci as the primary bacterial indicators. of more importance is their direct correlation with swimmer-associated gastroenteritis in recreation water quality monitoring. in contrast to other seawater bodies with 3.5% salinity, the recreational waters in the southern coast of the caspian sea possess its own salinity (about 1% w/v) a...

abstract many people know the important effects of caspian sea winds and storms on the economy of three provinces of iran including gilan, mazandaran, and golestan that they form one exclusive and extent area which have moderate and humid climate. this paper used a synoptic climatologically approach, which combine a number of atmospheric factors. using daily and monthly winds data including the...

During 2003-05 Iranian provinces in the Southern Caspian coast (Gilan, Mazandaran and GolestanProvinces, N. Iran) were investigated in order to collect and identify fungicolous species on various fungal hosts. Fifty-seven isolates were obtained and these were classified into seven genera, Acremonium, Cladobotryum, Fusarium, Sepedonium, Hypomyces, Lecanicillium, Simplicillium and Trichoderma. Am...

this study was investigated reproductive differences in fall and spring migrants of caspian lamprey (caspiomyzon wagneri) in the shirud river (southern caspian sea)in 2008. 89 and 15 specimens were sampled in in spring and fall, respectively. generally, fall migratory fish had a significantly lower condition factor (cf) compared to the spring migrants. there was significant relationship between...

This paper discusses an attempt to identify the chaotic behavior of the dynamic system of wind-wave characteristics including significant wave height, wave period and wave direction in southern, central and northern regions of the Caspian Sea. Surrogate data method and spectral analysis are utilized to detect the nonlinearity and aperiodicity of the time series. The delay embedding theorem of r...

seasonal variations of the seawater properties (e.g. temperature, salinity, density and chlorophyll-a) in western part of the southern coastal waters of the caspian sea near the iranian coast were studied. a portable ctd probe was applied for profiling from sea surface to bottom at 23 stations. maximum depth of the profiling stations was more than 470 m in the study area. vertical structure of ...