Abstract Systems complexity is increasing, in particular, when systems become of (SoS). SoS are composed constituent (CS), have unique goals for the CS and as a whole, present new SoS-level properties called emergent properties. Emergent because they only appear at system level. Current research has revealed some tools focusing on simple emergence engineers aiming to design However, forming cre...

We investigate the relationships between various sum of squares (SOS) and semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations for the sensor network localization problem. In particular, we show that Biswas and Ye’s SDP relaxation is equivalent to the degree one SOS relaxation of Kim et al. We also show that Nie’s sparse-SOS relaxation is stronger than the edge-based semidefinite programming (ESDP) relax...

This paper proposes Systems of Systems (SoS) as a conceptual framework to support the creation, evolution and study of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs). After reviewing the relationship between SDIs and generic Information Infrastructures (IIs), a comparison of the latter and SoS is presented. The conclusions of this comparison lead us to propose that IIs can be considered as SoS with severa...

This report presents some of the results of the first year of Danse, one of the first EU IP projects dedicated to System of Systems. Concretely, we offer a tool chain that allows to specify SoS and SoS requirements at high level, and analyse them using powerful toolsets coming from the formal verification area. At the high level, we use UPDM, the system model provided by the british army as wel...

Infection of Salmonella enterica with lytic mutants of either P22 or SE1 bacteriophages triggers the expression of its DNA damage-inducible SOS response through a lexA-dependent pathway. This induction of the SOS system strictly requires the presence of the bacteriophage kil gene. Accordingly, plasmid over-expression of the kil gene also promotes the S. enterica SOS network induction. Furthermo...

Bone properties, reflected by speed of sound (SOS), and physical activity levels were examined in overweight (OW) girls (n = 19) and adolescents (n = 22), in comparison with normal-weight (NW) girls (n = 21) and adolescents (n = 13). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was higher in NW than in OW in both age groups. Tibial SOS was lower in OW compared with NW in both age groups. MVPA ...

dealing with life-threatening situations requires the quickest, most effective response. each time the emergency phone number 115 is dialed, ems is ready to act and dispatch the rescue services needed. whether it is a fire, road accident, crime or medical crisis, the caller in distress should receive support from emergency services and lives should be saved. to be able to meet the required resp...

A method is proposed for evaluating a range of System of Systems (SoS) meta-architecture alternatives. SoS are composed through combination of existing, fully functioning Systems, possibly with minor functional changes, but certainly by using the combined Systems to achieve a new capability, not available from the Systems alone. The meta-architecture describes how all possible subsets of System...

Systems of systems comprise entities that are complex enough to be considered as systems in their own right. The interactions within a system of systems (SoS), unlike monolithic systems, are not constrained by physical design. The dynamic nature of SoS means that complex interactions are allowed to occur between the entities of a SoS. These interactions can lead to accidents. The road, rail and...

Sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of antibiotics play a very important role in selection and development of resistances. Unlike Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae induces its SOS response in presence of sub-MIC aminoglycosides. A role for oxidized guanine residues was observed, but the mechanisms of this induction remained unclear. To select for V. cholerae mutants that do not induce low a...