Monolayer spontaneous curvatures for cholesterol, DOPE, POPE, DOPC, DPPC, DSPC, POPC, SOPC, and egg sphingomyelin were obtained using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) on inverted hexagonal phases (HII). Spontaneous curvatures of bilayer forming lipids were estimated by adding controlled amounts to a HII forming template following previously established protocols. Spontaneous curvatures of bo...

Channel estimation in wireless communication systems is usually accomplished by inserting, along with the information, a series of known symbols, whose analysis is used to define the parameters of the filters that remove the distortion of the data. Nevertheless, a part of the available bandwidth has to be destined to these symbols. Until now, no alternative solution has demonstrated to be fully...

The influence of cholesterol concentration on the formation of buckling structures is studied in a physisorbed polymer-tethered lipid monolayer system using epifluorescence microscopy (EPI) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The monolayer system, built using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, consists of 3 mol % poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) lipopolymers and various concentrations of the phosp...

Thermally induced shape fluctuations were used to study elastic properties of giant vesicles composed of archaeal lipids C25,25-archetidyl (glucosyl) inositol and C25,25-archetidylinositol isolated from lyophilised Aeropyrum pernix K1 cells. Giant vesicles were created by electroformation in pure water environment. Stroboscopic illumination using a xenon flash lamp was implemented to remove the...

It is well known that robotic manipulators are highly nonlinear coupling dynamic systems. It is difficult to establish an appropriate mathematical model for designing a model-based controller. The model-free feature of fuzzy logic control strategy was employed to design robotic motion controller. However, there is no guide rule for designing the fuzzy rule bank and parameters, it still needs ti...

Systems on programmable chip, as system on chip, are composed by software and hardware. Therefore a codesign based approach is needed to meet the functional requirements. While classic codesign flows are long and involve complex and expensive design tools, this paper presents a fast but efficient codesign flow. To reduce the design cycle and the total cost of ownership (TCO), the presented desi...

 Envisioning system-on-chip design as the next industrial evolution, the Taiwan government recently launched a national Si-Soft project aiming to improve the infrastructure for the SOC based high-tech industry in Taiwan. The fabric of the Si-Soft project is the manpower development. The potential human resources in the TVE systems are thus considered as the best supply to achieve the goal of s...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the effects of a large population-based patient empowerment programme (PEP) on clinical outcomes and health service utilization rates in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in the primary care setting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND SUBJECTS A stratified random sample of 1,141 patients with T2DM enrolled to PEP between March and September 2010 were selected from general outpa...

Digital systems are integrated in our environment and have become a natural part of our every day life. As we rely more on these systems our expectations on them increase. We expect them to perform new tasks, communicate and cooperate. The complexity of these systems is increasing. The increasing complexity and the requirement for flexibility, which allows the system to adapt and evolve over ti...