Measurements of aerosol particle number size distributions (18–700 nm), mass concentrations (PM2.5 and PM10) and NOx were performed in the Plabutsch tunnel, Austria, and in the Kingsway tunnel, United Kingdom. These two tunnels show different characteristics regarding the roadway gradient, the composition of the vehicle fleet and the traffic frequency. The submicron particle size distributions ...

We have prepared and characterized a series of nonfluoro polymer composites with functional carbon additives such as graphite, candle soot and camphor soot which when mixed with EPF (Expanded Polystyrene Foam) matrices increase surface hydrophobicity. Water contact angles of >150° was observed on spin-cast composite film surfaces containing 3% camphor soot particles, compared to 89° in the abse...

Biomass burning as fuel in the traditional grass-roofed rural households of Western Province of Kenya in open fire places, in poorly ventilated conditions, lead to accumulation of soot under the roofs. This study characterized and quantified the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in accumulated soot in these households and determined the variation in PAHs concentrations with fuel biomass t...

The immobilization of catalase was carried out from enzyme solutions in acid (pH < 3.5) and alkaline (pH > 1 1 ) medium on two kinds of soot differing by the average size of the particles. Under these conditions the peroxidase-like activity of immobilized catalase in the oxidation of phenol has been studied. The effect of the initial concentration of the substrate on the rate of the process cat...

E. Horozova*, N. Dimcheva and Z. Jordanova Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Plovdiv 24, Tsar Assen St., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria Z. Naturforsch. 52c, 639-644 (1997); received May 5/July 3, 1997 Catalase, Immobilized Enzyme, Carbon Materials, Electrochemical and Biocatalytic Activity The adsorption of catalase on two types of soot differing in their structure has bee...

Super nonfouling surfaces resist protein adhesion and have a broad field of possible applications in implant technology, drug delivery, blood compatible materials, biosensors, and marine coatings. A promising route toward nonfouling surfaces involves liquid repelling architectures. The authors here show that soot-templated super-amphiphobic (SAP) surfaces prepared from fluorinated candle soot s...

On the basis of the stochastic reactor model Partially Stirred Plug Flow Reactor (PaSPFR) a model is developed that accounts for soot and NOx formation in the distributed combustion regime. This is done by means of the joint composition probability density function (PDF). The composition vector consists of the species mass fraction in the gas phase, enthalpy, and four moments of the soot partic...

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Regional models that describe the spatial-temporal variability of atmospheric aerosol parameters are necessary to solve many radiative and climatic problems. An important area of study is the content of the main absorbing substance, soot (black carbon), in aerosol particles. Soot determines the nonselective absorption of radiation in the visible wavelength range by aerosol. It is an important r...