The peel volatile constituents and juice quality parameters of four tangerine cultivars were investigated in this study. Peel flavor constituents were extracted by using cold-press and eluted by using n-hexane. Then all analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Total soluble solids, total acids, pH value, ascorbic acid as well as density and ash were determined in juice obtained from tangerine cultivars. F...

Two previously unknown modes of biomineralization observed in the presence of Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans are presented. Following the addition of NaHCO3 and the formation of an amorphous calcium phosphate precipitate in a DSMZ medium inoculated with C. hydrogenoformans, two distinct crystalline solids were recovered after 15 and 30 days of incubation. The first of these solids occurred a...

Anaerobic digestion of high-nitrogen wastes such as animal manure can be inhibited by high concentrations of un-ionized ammonia, NH(3) (aq). Understanding the toxicity of NH(3) (aq) to anaerobic digestion requires a method for determining its concentration. Previous work on ammonia toxicity in anaerobic digesters has utilized a simple equilibrium calculation for estimating NH(3) (aq) concentrat...

The performance of mesophilic anaerobic digesters of four large Italian wastewater treatment plants without primary sedimentation were studied. Only the waste activated sludge is stabilised by means of the mesophilic (35–37 8C) anaerobic digestion process. The anaerobic digesters generally worked with a hydraulic retention time in a range of 20–40 days and an organic loading rate of some 1 kg V...

We present the first results from simulations of processes leading to planet formation in protoplanetary disks with different metallicities. For a given metallicity, we construct a two-dimensional grid of disk models with different initial masses and radii (M0, R0). For each disk, we follow the evolution of gas and solids from an early evolutionary stage, when all solids are in the form of smal...

−− Rh, Ni and Rh-Ni catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation of La2O3. The Rh content was modified but the Ni loading was kept constant at 2 wt%. The solids were calcined at 823 K in air flow and were reduced at 973 K in flowing hydrogen. The activity, stability, and residue formation during the CO2 reforming of CH4, of all the catalysts were tested in a fixed-bed reactor. Those with low car...

The presented work studies the possibilities of using maize silage for biogas production in laboratory as well as in full-scale conditions. From the results of long-term operation of a mixed laboratory anaerobic reactor, it follows that processing of maize silage as a single substrate is an unstable process due to the low alkalinity of silage that has to be compensated by pH adjustment. Specifi...

Sugar content is the major determinant of both fruit quality and consumer acceptance in melon (Cucumis melo L), and is a primary target for crop improvement. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from the intraspecific cross between a "Piel de Sapo" (PS) type and the exotic cultivar "Songwhan Charmi" (SC), and several populations generated from the cross of PS × Ames 24294 ("Trigonus"), a wild mel...

Abiotic reduction of 0.1 mM U(VI) by Fe(II) in the presence of synthetic iron oxides (biogenic magnetite, goethite, and hematite) and natural Fe(III) oxide-containing solids was investigated in pH 6.8 artificial groundwater containing 10 mM NaHCO3. In most experiments, more than 95% of added U(VI) was sorbed to solids. U(VI) was rapidly and extensively (> or = 80%) reduced in the presence of sy...