– We propose a method for the tomographic reconstruction of qubit states for a general class of solid-state systems in which the Hamiltonians are represented by spin operators, e.g., with Heisenberg-, XXZ-, or XY -type exchange interactions. We analyze the implementation of the projective operator measurements, or spin measurements, on qubit states. All the qubit states for the spin Hamiltonian...

Recently, laser induced thermal wave based technologies have provided a powerful class of techniques for the evaluation of solid state materials [1,2). Through the use of tightly focussed optical beams modulated at high frequencies, it has been possible to both generate and interrogate highly localized thermal wave phenomena in materials with spatial resolutions approaching 1 J.1m [2]. The uniq...

This paper represents a MEMS based gyroscope to measure orientation. Silicon-micro-machined gyro is fabricated on the basis of resonators and they use vibrating mechanical element to sense rotation. The vibratory measurement can be done by measuring the change in capacitance with respect to the voltage or force applied in particular axis. Here MEMS based gyroscope has been designed from Lame mo...

Terahertz (THz) technology is becoming a spotlight of scientific interest due to its promising myriad applications including imaging, spectroscopy, industry control and communication. However, one of the major bottlenecks for advancing this field is due to lack of well-developed solid-state sources and detectors operating at THz gap which serves to mark the boundary between electronics and phot...

The objective of this study is to obtain the propagation velocity of an elastic wave in a loaded isotropic solid and to show the usefulness of the third-order elastic constant in determining properties of practical materials. As is well known, the infinitesimal elastic theory is unable to express the influence of stress on elastic wave propagating in loaded materials. To solve this problem, the...

The article reviews most published inertial sensor technologies, including dynamically tuned, optical, MEMS vibratory, mechanical, solid-state, and fluid-based. working principles of the technologies are elaborated. Also, advantages disadvantages those sensors laid out. Owing to its excellent overall performance, such as simple structure, low cost, large measurement range, etc, current review f...

In this paper, absolute positioning instrument using trilateration ultrasonic sensor is mainly proposed to estimate absolute position errors combined with estimated position and orientation from differential odometry integrated with gyroscope to calculate absolute position of mobile robot. In the method, the indirect Kalman filter is mainly used to estimate absolute position errors and the esti...

In this paper, a digital rebalance loop for MEMS gyroscope is designed and its performance test is performed. First, the system model of MEMS gyroscope is established by dynamic analysis. Then, the digital rebalance loop is designed using modern control technique. The performance of the digital rebalance loop is compared with that of conventional PID rebalance loop. Through frequency response a...

The Latin American Symposium on Solid State Physics (SLAFES) has become one of the most traditional meetings in this geographical region. It brings together students and research leaders dedicated to a large variety of topics in solid state physics. The recent previous meetings were held in Mexico (January of 1998) and Colombia (November 1999). The program consists in plenary, invited, oral and...

endourologic pyeloplasty is being a substitute of open pyeloplasty in management of ureteropelvic junction obstruction. this procedure can be done in different manners like balloon dilation, cold knife and electrosurgical endoureterotomy, accucise and lasers.a 47 year old woman referred with history of previous open pyeloplasty. hydronephrosis of right kidney with unremarkable t ½ was found in ...