N. A. Krivova, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany ([email protected]) S. K. Solanki, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany T. Wenzler, Hochschule für Technik Zürich, CH-8004 Zürich, Switzerland B. Podlipnik, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Str. ...

Hatching success was examined under exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) using filters to give three different light conditions [C1: UV-B, UV-A and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), C2: UV-A and PAR, C3: PAR] in red Pagrus major and black Acanthopagrus schlegeli sea bream. Hatching rate of both species was reduced by an exposure over a 2 day period to UVR and was not significa...

The spectral distribution of the solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface depends on the irradiance emitted by the Sun, the Earth-Sun distance, and the transmission properties of the atmosphere. The changing Earth-Sun distance due to an eccentric orbit implies that the irradiance received at the top of the atmosphere varies with an annual cycle, being 6.9% above and below the yearly mean. T...

Rhodamine B (RhB) is a water-soluble fluorescent dye that is often used to determine flux and flow direction in biotechnological and environmental applications. In the current research, RhB in soluble (termed free) and virus-bound (termed nano-bound) forms was used as an efficiency indicator for three environmental processes. The degradation of free and nano-bound RhB by (i) direct UV photolysi...

We designed, fabricated and demonstrated a solar-blind deep-UV pass filter, that has a measured optical performance of a 27% transmission peak at 290 nm, a pass-band width of 100 nm (from 250 to 350 nm), and a 20dB rejection ratio between deep-UV wavelength and visible wavelength. The filter consists of an aluminum nano-grid, which was made by coating 20 nm Al on a SiO(2) square grid with 190 n...

Data are presented on the effect of the tree canopy transmittance in the visible waveband (VT), canopy width, height and height of the start of the tree canopy (CH) on the solar UV in tree shade on a horizontal plane at ground level during a Southern Hemisphere summer. Of these factors, the VT and CH have an influence on the UV irradiances in the tree shade. The shade ratios (UV in tree shade t...

Caliothrips phaseoli, a phytophagous insect, detects and responds to solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; lambda <or= 315 nm) under field conditions. A highly specific mechanism must be present in the thrips visual system in order to detect this narrow band of solar radiation, which is at least 30 times less abundant than the UV-A (315-400 nm), to which many insects are sensitive. We constructe...

The effect of artificial ultraviolet (UV) and natural solar radiation on photosynthesis, respiration and growth was investigated in 14 red, green and brown macroalgal species on Spitsbergen (Norway) during summer 1998. In June, maximum mean solar radiation at sea level was 120 W m-2 of visible (370 to 695 nm) and 15 W m-' of UV radiation (300 to 370 nm), and decreased gradually until the end of...

Time series observations at UV (Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope/Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) and X-ray (Soft X-Ray Telescope/Yohkoh) wavelengths reveal properties of the global solar corona that are not easily identiÐed in a single image. A median-Ðltering technique that rejects features varying with time is used to isolate background corona. The coronal hole boundaries, polar plum...

We report about testing a new mobile and sustainable water sample digestion method in a preliminary field trial in Ethiopia. In order to determine heavy metals at the ultra-trace level by stripping voltammetric techniques in water samples from Awash River, we applied our new method of solar UV-assisted sample pretreatment to destroy the relevant interfering dissolved organic matter. The field t...