The radiative forcing of dust and its impact on precipitation over the West Africa monsoon (WAM) region is simulated using a coupled meteorology and aerosol/chemistry model (WRF-Chem). During the monsoon season, dust is a dominant contributor to aerosol optical depth (AOD) over West Africa. In the control simulation, on 24-h domain average, dust has a cooling effect (−6.11 W m−2) at the surface...

This study focuses on thermochemical H2O and CO2-splitting processes using non-stoichiometric metal oxides concentrated solar energy to produce fuels. The redox process involves two distinct reactions: (i) a thermal reduction at high temperature of the oxide with creation oxygen vacancies in its crystallographic structure, resulting released O2; (ii) re-oxidation by and/or CO2, yielding H2 CO. ...

passive solar systems such as solar chimneys need solar radiation in order to work. therefore, they cannot present stable natural ventilation when solar energy vanishes: to have a more robust and stable condition, solar energy should be stored during the day and released back during the night. phase change materials can save additional thermal energy during the day and release it during the nig...

in the present work, a prototype of a new type of solar collectors, which called direct absorption solar collector, was built and its thermal performance is experimentally compared with conventional flat plate solar collector under transient and steady state conditions. different volume fractions of multi wall carbon nanotubes in water and ethylene glycol mixture (70%:30% in volume) were used a...

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Material properties of copper and aluminum required for the numerical simulation are presented. Electrodes used for the (paper) are depicted. This study describes the procedures of how penetration depth, width, and absorptivity are obtained from the simulation. In addition, a file format extracted from the simulation to visualize 3D distribution of temperature, velocity, and melt pool geometry ...

By use of coherent terahertz synchrotron radiation, we experimentally tested a holographic Fourier transform spectrometer coupled to an array detector to determine its viability as a spectral device. Somewhat surprisingly, the overall performance strongly depends on the absorptivity of the birefringent lithium tantalate pixels in the array detector.

Absorptivity measurements with a laser-heating approach, referred to as the laser-driven thermal reactor (LDTR), were carried out in the infrared and applied at ambient (laboratory) non-reacting conditions to particle-laden filters from a three-wavelength (visible) particle/soot absorption photometer (PSAP). The particles were obtained during the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP) field...