Soil is a critical intermediary of water flux between precipitation and stream flow. Characterization of soil water content ( , m3 m 3) may be especially difficult in mountainous, snow-dominated catchments due to highly variable water inputs, topography, soils and vegetation. However, individual sites exhibit similar seasonal dynamics, suggesting that it may be possible to describe spatial vari...

In this paper, in 2012 and 2013 two of the Three-River Headwaters Region of soil total-nitrogen, data combined ASD FieldSpec 4 made by America spectroradiometer measured spectral reflectance of soil sample chamber data model MSLR and ANN methods modeling. The spectral data is mainly composed of original spectral reflectance(REF) through nine point weighted moving average obtaining four forms of...

Shallow translational slides are common in slopes during heavy rainfall. The classic model for the occurrence of translational slides in long slopes assumes rising saturation above a slip surface that reduces the frictional strength by decreasing the effective stress along soil discontinuities. The classic model for translational slope failure does not conform well to the nature of homogenous s...

Changes in soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated in several on-farm studies located in rainfed, hardsetting red Al®sols (Ferric Luvisols) and in irrigated, self-mulching Vertisols (Chromic Vertisols) of eastern Australia. The objective of the studies was to evaluate changes in soil physical and chemical properties with time under commercial farming situations where changes had be...

A soil aggregate is “a group of primary soil particles that cohere to each other more strongly than to other surrounding particles.” Soil aggregates form through the combined action of aggregation and fragmentation processes. That is, attractive and disruptive forces act on the particles in the soil to cause greater cohesion among some particles, and groups of particles, than others. Most soils...

One of the most important and the most controversial engineering properties of soil is its shear strength or ability to resist sliding along internal surfaces within a mass. The stability of a cut, the slope of an earth dam, the foundations of structures, the natural slopes of hillsides and other structures built on soil depend upon the shearing resistance offered by the soil along the probable...

The widespread use of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) in arid regions improves the efficiency of local land and water use. However, SAPs' repeated absorption and release of water has periodic and unstable effects on both soil's physical and chemical properties and on the growth of plant roots, which complicates modeling of water movement in SAP-treated soils. In this paper, we proposea model of ...

Interrupting the processes which control ecosystem resources has dramatic impacts on the rangeland conditions. To protect ecosystems and landscape, it needs to understand the ecosystem processes which regulate the ecosystem resources. As main components of ecosystems, patches and inter-patches play important roles in energy and materials cascade. Ecologically, functional parameters such as stab...

It is expected that the agricultural intensification occurred in recent decades in the Argentine Rolling Pampa significantly alters the SOM reserves. Therefore, it is necessary to identify soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions to understand the functionality and stabilization of these reserves. Our objectives were to study the NT effect in two crop rotations, corn-double cropped wh...