The role of urea as a balancing osmolyte in osmotic adaptation is well known, but this 'waste product' also has myriad other functions in diverse taxa. We report that urea plays an important, previously undocumented role in freezing tolerance of the wood frog (Rana sylvatica), a northern woodland species that hibernates terrestrially in sites where dehydration and freezing may occur. Wood frogs...

the use of various slags as by-products of steel industry is well established in civil engineering applications. however, the use of bos slag in the area of soil stabilization has not been fully researched and developed despite having similar chemical composition and mineralogy to that of portland cement. this paper reports on efforts to extend the use of bos slag to soil stabilization by deter...

NASA’s Phoenix lander identified perchlorate and carbonate salts on Mars. Perchlorates are rare on Earth, and carbonates have largely been ignored on Mars following the discovery by NASA’s Mars Exploration Rovers of acidic precipitated minerals such as jarosite. In light of the Phoenix results, we updated the aqueous thermodynamic model FREZCHEM to include perchlorate chemistry. FREZCHEM models...

Freezing and thawing of soils may affect the turnover of soil organic matter and thus the losses of C and N from soils. Here we review the literature with special focus on: (i) the mechanisms involved, (ii) the effects of freezing temperature and frequency, (iii) the differences between arable soils and soils under natural vegetation, and (iv) the hypothesis that freeze-thaw events lead to sign...

To explore the effect of snow-melting agents on glass fiber-reinforced cemented soil under freezing-thawing cycles, three widely used agents, including potassium acetate, magnesium chloride, and sodium sulfate, were in this article. The effects agent types apparent damage, mass loss, mechanical properties cycles analyzed through salt freezing unconfined compressive strength tests. results show ...

Infection with Toxoplasma gondii can be acquired from soil contaminated by cats' faeces and by consumption of undercooked meat and unpasteurised goats' milk.' Toxoplasma cysts are killed by freezing or by heating above 45°C.' Matemal infection can result in fetal infection and damage and is estimated to occur in 0 1-05% of pregnancies in the United Kingdom.2 The seroprevalence of toxoplasma IgG...

This study attempts to estimate spatial soil moisture in South Korea (99,000 km2) from January 2013 to December 2015 using a multiple linear regression (MLR) model and the Terra moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) and normalized distribution vegetation index (NDVI) data. The MODIS NDVI was used to reflect vegetation variations. Observed precipita...

Projects in seasonal frozen soil areas are often faced with frost heaving and thawing subsidence failure, the foundation fill of most projects is a mixture rock. Therefore, taking soil–rock different rock contents as research objects, residual deformation under multiple freezing–thawing cycles studied. In addition, deep learning method based on artificial neural network was pioneered combined t...