the strong ground motions recorded during the 2002 avaj earthquake have been used to estimates wave attenuation, qβ, and spectral decay parameter, κ, for the avaj region. qβ for shear wave is estimatedas a function of frequency in the range of 0.6- 18 hz. the results show that qβ increases with frequency in theform of qβ=62.7 f 0.9. our estimates are within the estimated range for different par...

a considerable amount of energy is released in the form of shock wave from explosive charge detonation. shock wave energy is responsible for the creation of crushing and fracture zone around the blast hole. the rest of the shock wave energy is transferred to rock mass as ground vibration. ground vibration is conveyed to the adjacent structures by body and surface waves. geological structures li...

The diffusive transport of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the subsurface at petroleum spill sites can significantly affect vapor migration from sources to buildings and ground surface. Thus, knowledge of compound-specific vapor transport and bio-attenuation is of great interests to those who must identify risks and make corrective action decisions for petroleum spill sites. In this work, ...

The potential for natural attenuation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in landfill covers was investigated in soil microcosms incubated with methane and air, simulating the gas composition in landfill soil covers. Soil was sampled at Skellingsted Landfill at a location emitting methane. In total, 26 VOCs were investigated, including chlorinated methanes, ethanes, ethenes, fluorinated hydroc...

Initial denitration of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 produces CO2 and the dead-end product 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal (NDAB), OHCNHCH2NHNO2, in high yield. Here we describe experiments to determine the biodegradability of NDAB in liquid culture and soils containing Phanerochaete chrysosporium. A soil sample taken from an ammunition plant contained RD...

Polarimetric Xand C-band measurements by the University of Sheffield ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) indoor system provide three-dimensional images of the scattering processes in wheat canopies, at resolutions of around a wavelength (3–6 cm). The scattering shows a pronounced layered structure, with strong returns from the soil and the flag leaves, and in some cases a second leaf...

Abstract The yield stress of mud is the basis for analyzing flow and desilting debris flow. Nanyang expansive soil was used as experimental materials, rheological curves with different solid volume concentrations were obtained by using scanning experiment Antonpa mcr702 rheometer. For slurry concentration, change process shear rate analyzed. According to results, divided into three stages: grow...

Three mathematical models, the runoff curve number equation, the universal soil loss equation, and the mass response functions, were evaluated for predicting nonpoint source nutrient loading from agricultural watersheds of the Mediterranean region. These methodologies were applied to a catchment, the gulf of Gera Basin, that is a typical terrestrial ecosystem of the islands of the Aegean archip...

The goal of the study was to apply and modify the semiemperical water-cloud model to simulate bacscattering coefficients of C-VV and L-HH as a function of LAI, vegetation water content and soil moisture. Bacscattering coefficients were compared to these obtained from ERS-2.SAR and JERS.SAR measurements taken simultaneously for the agriculture area in Poland. During time of satellite acquisition...

A multiphase model (UTCHEM v.6) has been modified to account for boundary conditions present in the vadose zone, as well as adding an analytic solution for the soil temperature profile, the temperature dependence of physicochemical properties, and revised interphase mass transfer correlations. The model also includes biodegradation, which is limited by moisture content, oxygen and pollutant ava...