There is a lack of large, prospective epidemiologic studies concerning acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in pediatric population. To determine the different causes of respiratory distress in children, we performed a retrospective study and included 567 children with respiratory distress referred to our hospital. Using their medical files, data including age,...

Ventilation tube (VT) insertion is the most common otologic operations performed in children, which has great importance in recovery and prevention of hearing loss in children with Eustachian tube dysfunction in critical ages of growth development. The location of the VT insertion varies in different studies; the differences are in the recovery rates and sequelae of VT insertion. This study is ...

Adenoids and tonsils are active lymphoid organs and play an important role against invading antigens of upper aerodigestive tract in children. The present study analyzes the changes in cellular and humoral immunity of children six months after adenotonsillectomy. The study population consisted of 30 children whit chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy and 30 age-matched healthy children. In all chi...

Myocardial bridging with systolic compression of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) may be associated with myocardial ischemia. In symptomatic myocardial bridging unresponsive to medical treatment, surgical unroofing of the left LAD can be performed. Little information is available about the long-term prognosis of patients with this coronary anomaly after the surgical unroofing,...

Diagnosis of hepatitis B is routinely based on of serological assay of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is generally defined as the detection of HBV -DNA in the serum or tissues of subjects who have negative test for HBsAg. Transmission of HBV infection has been documented from HBsAg negative, anti-HBc positive blood and organ donors. The aim of this...

The central cholinergic system has been associated with cognitive function and memory and acetylcholine plays an important role during the early stages of memory consolidation. In this study, mice were trained with one way active avoidance procedure. Different doses of arecoline and physostigmine, with and without scopolamine, were administrated at pre-training, post-training and retrieval phas...

The Iranian, or Persian, calendar is solar, with the particularity that the year is defined by two successive, apparent passages of the Sun through the vernal (spring) equinox. It is based on precise astronomical observations, and moreover uses a sophisticated intercalation system, which makes it more accurate than its younger European counterpart, the Gregorian calendar. It is currently used i...