OBJECTIVE The problem-based learning (PBL) tutor plays a role that is different from the role of a teacher in a conventional teaching format. In the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates, all students are Arab nationals and tutors are expatriates with different sociocultural backgrounds from the students. This study was designed to investigate how students evaluate tutor...

CONTEXT Despite the recognition of the role that sociocultural factors play in the process of acquiring insight, recent research on this issue is scarce. OBJECTIVES 1) to translate and adapt the Schedule for Assessment of Insight (SAI) to Portuguese; 2) to use a modified version of it to evaluate family members' insight into schizophrenia; 3) to compare patients' insight with family members' ...

We report the findings of a detailed study of the ways in which a group of paediatric nurses think about the notion of average and variation. We describe some continuities and discontinuities between mathematical and nursing epistemologies, and draw some general conclusions about the ways in which more general mathematical meanings are constructed and 'transferred' that takes account of both co...

While ‘voice’ is frequently invoked in discussions of pupils’ agency and empowerment, less attention has been paid to the dialogic dynamics of children’s voices and the sociocultural features shaping their emergence. Drawing on linguistic ethnographic research involving recent recordings of ten and eleven year-old children’s spoken language experience across the school day, this article examine...

In his latest book, Radu J. Bogdan embarks on a quest as ambitious as one can imagine in the sciences of the mind: to explain the developmental (as well as evolutionary) path leading to human intellect, defined as “high-level mental faculties involved in reasoning, deliberate planning, thoughtful communication, reflective problem solving and decision making, art creation, technological innovati...

principle of multiple use management of the Nation's forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the national forests and national grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Depar...

The intent of this chapter is to familiarize readers with the principles and constructs of an approach to learning and mental development known as Sociocultural Theory.1 Sociocultural Theory (SCT) has its origins in the writings of the Russian psychologist L. S. Vygotsky and his colleagues. SCT argues that human mental functioning is fundamentally a mediated process that is organized by cultura...

While ‘voice’ is frequently invoked in discussions of pupils’ agency and empowerment, less attention has been paid to the dialogic dynamics of children’s voices and the sociocultural features shaping their emergence. Drawing on linguistic ethnographic research involving recent recordings of ten and eleven year-old children’s spoken language experience across the school day, this article examine...

The origin of human ultrasociality—the ability to cooperate in huge groups of genetically unrelated individuals—has long interested evolutionary and social theorists, but there has been little systematic empirical research on the topic. The Historical Database of Sociocultural Evolution, which we introduce in this article, brings the available historical and archaeological data together in a wa...

Several epidemiological and laboratory investigations have confirmed the traditional beliefs that lactation prolongs postpartum amenorrhea and provides some degree of protection against pregnancy even after the resumption of menstruation [ 12,2 11. The two crucial factors that determine the duration of this infertile period are the duration of unsupplemented lactation and the total duration of ...