ABSTRUCT: Regional disparity is one of the most serious social issues in recent Japan. To develop local businesses for encouraging regional economy, there are many barriers, such as lack of natural resource, human resource, investment, technology, and so forth. In many stagnated local areas, resource deficiency is a large obstacle for development. However, even in such local areas, most of the ...

As industrial processes have changed with the advent of e-commerce, banking industry, in turn, has changed. Implementation of electronic banking in any country requires different infrastructures including its material and human resources that the growth of technology and innovation in banks on the one hand, have increased the speed and quality of operations and services, and on the other hand, ...

In this paper we analyze the evolution of solidarity relations between dissimilar actors by means of a cellular automaton framework. We assume that actors face two types of decisions in the course of an iterated game. First, actors’ solidarity decisions constitute mutual support relations between neighbors. Second, by migrating in a two dimensional world, actors select between potential solidar...