BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders that primarily display social and communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviors. ASD prevalence has increased in recent years, yet very limited therapeutic targets and treatments are available to counteract the incapacitating disorder. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a popular herbal plant in Sou...

Dear Sir, According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM‐5), autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders whose core clinical features are persisting deficits in social communication and interaction as well as restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities.[1] Today, there are no biomarkers for ASD, whose diagnosis is sti...

Social networks established new communication structures and behaviors in society. While citizens and businesses have already extensively used social networks for years, governments continuously increase their interest in the new communication technologies. Sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn provide a mechanism for individuals to come together based on a variety of factors such as ex...

Greeting behaviors are important tools for establishing and maintaining social relationships. Greeting expressions are abundant in English and Chinese. One major difference of greetings in English and Chinese lies in the content. They are influenced by the orientations of interpersonal relationships which in turn are underpinned by value orientations. Increasing awareness of intercultural diffe...

OBJECTIVE To explore patterns of experienced stress and stress reactions before the onset of illness in the life history of patients with severe somatoform disorders to identify predisposing stress-mechanisms. METHODS A systematic, thematic analysis was conducted on data collected from 24 semi-structured individual life history interviews. RESULTS Generally, patients had experienced high ps...

Exchange of information is critical for bacterial social behaviors. Now Dubey and Ben-Yehuda (2011) provide evidence for bacterial "nanotube" conduits that allow microbes to directly exchange cytoplasmic factors. Protein and DNA transfer between distantly related species raises the prospect of a new, widely distributed mechanism of bacterial communication.

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder, diagnosed behaviorally by social and communication deficits, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. Recent genome-wide exome sequencing has revealed extensive overlap in risk genes for autism and for cancer. Understanding the genetic commonalities of autism(s) and cancer(s), with a focus on mechanistic pathways, could lead to repurposed therapeu...

BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are increasing in prevalence. Children with ASDs present with impairments in social interactions; communication; restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, or activities; as well as motor delays. Hydrotherapy is used as a treatment for children with disabilities and motor delays. There have been no systematic reviews cond...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social interaction and social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Many synaptic protein genes are linked to the pathogenesis of ASDs, making them prototypical synaptopathies. An array of mutations in the synapsin (Syn) genes in humans has been recently associat...