A year-long field study to characterize the ionic species in PM2.5 was carried out in Shanghai and Beijing, China, in 1999–2000. Weekly samples of PM2.5 were collected using a special low flow rate (0.4 lmin ) sampler. In Shanghai, SO4 2 NO3 and NH4 + were the dominant ionic species, which accounted for 46%, 18% and 17% of the total mass of ions, respectively. Local SO2 emissions were an import...

[1] High-resolution, ultraviolet SO2 photoabsorption cross section data are required for modeling density and temperature profiles of SO2 in solar system atmospheres. We report measurements of such cross sections on SO2 at 295 K for the ~ B B1 ~ X A1 and ~ CB2 ~ X A1 bands over the wavelength range 220 to 325 nm. Resolving powers of up to 550,000 were employed in order to study the congested sp...

For the first time, sulfur dioxide concentration was monitored between 2005 and 2016 over Iran which is among the countries with a high SO2 emission rate in the world. To that end, SO2 column concentration at Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) was analyzed. OMI is a sensor onboard the Aura satellite which can measure daily SO2 concentration on the global scale...

Despite the success of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Acid Rain Program in reducing national sulfur dioxide emissions from electricity generation in a timely and costsaving manner, expected improvements in the environment have not followed in a linear fashion. While ambient sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations and acid deposition have decreased across the US, the health and ecological ...

Thermal infrared sounding of sulphur dioxide (SO2) from space has gained appreciation as a valuable complement to ultraviolet sounding. There are several strong absorption bands of SO2 in the infrared, and atmospheric sounders, such as AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder), TES (Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer) and IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) have the ability to globall...

This study investigates the requirements for modeling of acid sulfite pulping with regard to the recovery of cooking chemicals, especially SO2. Such a model has to predict the temporal change of SO2 distribution on solid, liquid and gaseous phase in the digester throughout the whole pulping process, dependent on the pulping parameters: total SO2, free SO2, liquor-towood ratio, temporal temperat...

This study aimed to investigate the vasoactivity of sulfur dioxide (SO2), a novel gas identified from vascular tissue, in rat thoracic aorta. The thoracic aorta was isolated, cut into rings, and mounted in organ-bath chambers. After equilibrium, the rings were gradually stretched to a resting tension. Isometric tension was recorded under the treatments with vasoconstrictors, SO2 derivatives, an...

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is an important air pollutant and causes bronchoconstriction in normal and asthmatic adults. This paper has explored the autonomic consequences of SO2 exposure using the spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Electrocardiogram recordings were made in 12 normal and 12 asthmatic adults undergoing pollutant exposures. Exposures were of a 1 h duration, double blind, in r...

This report presents the chemical and physical factors governing the generation of sulfur dioxide (SO2), its transformation into other sulfur compounds, and the removal of sulfur oxides within the cement kiln system. Sulfur in cement kilns is derived from both kiln feed and from the kiln fuel. The form of the sulfur dictates the location in the kiln where the SO2 generation takes place. Sulfur ...

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis phoP mutant SO2 derived from a clinical isolate was shown to be attenuated in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and in vivo mouse infection model and has demonstrated a high potential as attenuated vaccine candidate against tuberculosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we analyze the adhesion and the intracellular growth and trafficking ...