Disclaimers are generally defined as devices employed to ward off and defeat doubts negative typifications which may result from intended conduct (Hewitt & Stokes 1975). In academic prose, writers also take advantage of disclaimers remove any probable infelicities that could occur a their research or language choices in an attempt promote the precision persuasive power text. order develop c...

Accurate estimation of an underlying function and its derivatives is one of the central problems in statistics. Parametric forms are often proposed based on the expert opinion or prior knowledge of the underlying function. However, these strict parametric assumptions may result in biased estimates when they are not completely accurate. Meanwhile, nonparametric smoothing methods, which do not im...

A new approach to detecting the number of coherent signals incident upon a uniformly-spaced linear array is presented. The approach combines a modified spatial smoothing scheme and a modified MDL criterion. The modified spatial smoothing scheme, referred to as “weighted subspace smoothing,” is actually a generalization of the “post-smoothing” approach proposed by Krim and Proakis in 1994. It is...