the aim of this study is determining the prevalence of smoking stages in adolescents of tabriz city (northwest of iran) and identifying the personal, environmental, and psychological factors relating to cigarette smoking. fifty-seven high schools were randomly selected, and 4903 students were completed a self-administered questionnaire about cigarette smoking and the related risk factors. the a...

conclusions since parents’ behaviors affect their children, it is advisable to implement effective interventional programs to increase parents’ awareness about smoking and its harmful environmental effects. results results of the study showed that 76.4% of children knew what a cigarette is; 41.2% had talked about smoking with their parents; 1.4% had asked to buy one due to the attractive appear...

messages about the danger of addictive substances. For example, smoking is framed as harmful and unfavourable. Anti-smoking Public Service Advertising (PSA) depicts severe adverse effect on health, sometimes resulting in people resisting message. In contrast, pro-smoking through tobacco advertisements associated with fun enjoyable behaviour, encouraging to smoke or start smoking. Besides qualit...

Background: Cigarette smoking is considered a public health problem. Much research has been conducted on smoking and respective factors, but little research has addressed the prediction of the smoking rate based on various psychological variables. The present study was conducted aimed at predicting the smoking rate in the non-clinical population of Shiraz, Iran, in 2016, based on resilience and...

Smoking behavior is a problem, both environmentally and individually, the incidence quite high in Padang City, especially Pasie Nan Tigo Village, Koto Tangah District. It can be seen from data on visits to puskesmas with complaints of breathlessness coughing due smoking, most smoking perpetrators were teenagers as much 70% 100%. The occupation population adolescents mostly fishermen mandatory w...

abstract background: smoking cigarettes is a risk factor for many physical and mental diseases. about five million people die of smoking every year. understanding the concept of cigarette smoking can help people develop their knowledge with regard to smoking. a qualitative research seems essential to detect these concepts. therefore, the present study aims to take into account the experience of...