[1] We estimate the rate of aftershocks triggered by a heterogeneous stress change, using the rate-and-state model of Dieterich. We show that an exponential stress distribution Pt(t) exp( t/t0) gives an Omori law decay of aftershocks with time 1/t, with an exponent p = 1 Asn/t0, where A is a parameter of the rate-and-state friction law and sn is the normal stress. Omori exponent p thus decrease...

Stick-slip motion such as that observed at Whillans Ice Stream, West Antarctica, is one example of transient forcing significantly affecting longer-term ice-stream dynamics. We develop and present a two-dimensional map-plane viscoelastic model of perturbations to ice-stream dynamics suitable for simulating and analyzing stick-slip behavior. Model results suggest important roles in stick-slip mo...

We have developed the explicit model incorporated together the finite difference scheme for electrokinetic flow in rectangular microchannels encompassing Navier’s boundary slip. The externally applied body force originated from between the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann field around the channel wall and the flow-induced electric field is employed in the equation of motion. It is evident that the f...

High-frequency seismic waves are generated by abrupt changes of rupture velocity and slip-rate during an earthquake. Therefore, analysis of high-frequency waves is crucial to understanding the dynamic rupture process. Here, we developed a hybrid back-projection method that considers variations in focal mechanisms by introducing a non-planar fault model that reflects the subducting slab geometry...

A number of observations indicate that an upper stability transition occurs along well-developed faults, such as the San Andreas, as a result of unconsolidated gouge within shallow regions of these faults. These observations include the depth distribution of seismicity along faults with and without well-developed gouge zones, correlations between seismicity and shallow crustal structure, and mo...

The Plateau-Rayleigh instability of a liquid column underlies a variety of fascinating phenomena that can be observed in everyday life. In contrast to the case of a free liquid cylinder, describing the evolution of a liquid layer on a solid fibre requires consideration of the solid-liquid interface. Here we revisit the Plateau-Rayleigh instability of a liquid coating a fibre by varying the hydr...

Offset geomorphic features along the Superstition Hills fault show evidence for at least one slip event prior to the 1987 surface rupture, and possibly as many as four to five earlier prehistoric earthquakes. We documented several geomorphic features that appeared offset by multiple events by making detailed topographic maps. Offset features were abundant along reaches of the fault with high to...

We estimate the rate of aftershocks triggered by a heterogeneous stress change, using the rate-and-state model of Dieterich [1994]. We show that an exponential stress distribution Pτ (τ) ∼ exp(−τ/τ0) gives an Omori law decay of aftershocks with time ∼ 1/t, with an exponent p = 1− Aσn/τ0, where A is a parameter of the rate-and-state friction law, and σn the normal stress. Omori exponent p thus d...

[1] The clustering of earthquakes in time on the same fault affects the rate and pattern of interseismic deformation. We develop a simple analytic viscoelastic model of the surface velocity field through a clustered earthquake cycle by superposing the velocities of individual earthquake cycles of constant period but varying phase. Velocity profiles prior to and after an earthquake show a wider ...

In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of buoyancy force and Navier slip on the entropy generation rate in a vertical porous channel with wall suction/injection. The nonlinear model problem is tackled numerically using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting technique. Both the velocity and temperature profiles are obtained and utilized to compute the entropy generation number. Th...