BACKGROUND Lymphedema is a condition of localized protein-rich swelling from damaged or malfunctioning lymphatics. Because the immune system is compromised, there is a high risk of infection. Infection in patients with lymphedema may present in a variety of ways. OBJECTIVE The goals of this review were to standardize the terminology of skin breakdown in the context of lymphedema, synthesize t...

Ultrasound probe localization with respect to the patient's body is essential for freehand three-dimensional ultrasound and image-guided intervention. However, current methods for probe localization generally involve bulky and expensive equipment. In this paper, a highly cost-effective and miniature-mobile system is described for 6-DoF probe localization that is robust to rigid patient motion. ...

IMPORTANCE For optimal aesthetic construction of the auricle in patients with severe microtia, it is important to construct an exquisite framework and place it in the correct natural position. In addition to its accurate vertical and sagittal positioning, normal elevation is of utmost importance because this determines the auricular width from the common anterior view in interpersonal communica...

The 7 Amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive has made developing non-animal approaches to assure the safety of consumer products a key business need to support future innovation. A substantial research programme was initiated by Unilever in 2004, aimed at critically evaluating the feasibility of a proposed new conceptual approach. The key aspects of this approach are: 1. Developing new risk as...

Standard disease classification and defining human phenotypes are incomplete imprecise because biological mechanisms underpinning diseases not yet captured even with different coding systems methods. Such methods arbitrary (e.g., hypertension), based on a location or organ tumors), have been used since physicians originally described certain Alzheimer’s diseases) over century ago, which cause c...

background: skin cancer is a serious public health problem in the world. its prevalence in many countries has been increased in recent years. this study aimed to assess the effects of a theory-based educational intervention to promote skin cancer preventive behaviors (scpbs) among rural farmers in chalderan county, iran.   methods: this was a quasi-randomized controlled field trial study conduc...

Reconstruction of nasal tip and columella defects is demanding area with a range of reconstructive options, varying in complexity depending on requirements from simple skin grafting to multiple stage reconstruction with regional flaps. A framework is suggested to aid the reader in choice of reconstruction by classifying the defect based on size and the requirements of one to three layer (full t...

conclusions reported herbal drugs might be beneficial for further studies for the management of skin aging and aging process. results skin aging begins with whole body aging process and entire body gets cold and dry in elderly. wrinkle formation is highly associated with loss of “skin natural moisture”. in the management, specific food supplements, simple massage therapy as well as herbal drugs...