An optimization-based estimation method is presented for determining mode transition times and model parameters for hybrid systems. Firstand second-order optimality conditions are derived, including cross-derivative terms between transition times and parameters. Second-order optimization methods are shown to provide superior convergence to correct values in simulation, and to values within expe...

Large quantities of waste glass generated around the world are a source environmental pollution and burden on landfill capacities. This can be brought in use by incorporating it asphalt pavements as replacement for aggregate particles. research aims at evaluation various structural, functional durability parameters containing borosilicate (BSG). Optimum binder content volumetric characters were...

Figure 31 TEM micrographs of water borne polymer nanocomposite (WB PNC) emulsions.49 Figure 34 The reaction of an isocyanate with a compound containing hydroxyl functionality results in the formation of a polyurethane.. Introduction Coal tar is derived from crude coke oven tar that is a by-product of the combustion of coal in steel manufacturing. The crude coke oven tar is then refined, through...

Tyre wet skid resistance greatly affects vehicle safety, and it is dependent on the frictional behaviour at tyre–road interface; however, currently available numerical models, using finite element method, either neglect road roughness or obtain rightness expensive computed tomography scans, rendering them inefficient complex. This study aims to present an estimation method of rubber slides a ro...

To build commercial robots, skid-steering mechanical design is of increased popularity due to its manufacturing simplicity and unique mechanism. However, these also cause significant challenges on software algorithm design, especially for the pose estimation (i.e., determining robot’s rotation position) since they change their orientation with an inevitable skid. tackle this problem, we propose...