The characterisation of 85 rear-line-contacted silicon concentrator solar cells on one single wafer requires a fast, automated measurement system. In this paper an easy to use needle array measurement system is presented, which allows an automated sequential measurement of dark and light IV curves of all cells on one wafer. For acquiring IV curves under high illumination levels (up to 500 suns)...

A wheel graph is a formed by connecting single vertex to all vertices of cycle. called wheel-free if it does not contain any as subgraph. In 2010, Nikiforov proposed Brualdi–Solheid–Turán type problem: what the maximum spectral radius order n that subgraphs particular kind. this paper, we study problem for graphs, and determine (signless Laplacian) n. Furthermore, characterize extremal graphs.

tillage and press wheel weight play an important role in seedling emergence, crop establishment and growth. an optimal combination of tillage implements and suitable press wheel weights should increase grain yield. this study investigated the effect of tillage systems and press wheel weights on dry land wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling emergence and grain yields in izeh, khuzestan province...

0030-4018/$ see front matter Crown Copyright 2 doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2010.01.042 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (J. B Double-modulated terahertz differential time-domain spectroscopy (double-modulated THz-DTDS), is a technique that is based on dithering the sample under test. In this paper, we report a measurement technique based on mounting the sample on a ...

Tafone-like depressions have developed on the Aoshima sandstone blocks used for a masonry bridge pier in the coastal spray zone. A thin layer of partial granular disintegration was found on the surface in depressions. To evaluate quantitatively the strength of the thin weathered layer, the hardness was measured at the surface of the sandstone blocks using both an Equotip hardness tester and an ...

The main idea of this work is to investigate the effect of knitted fabrics characteristics on moisture management properties. Wetting and transport properties of single jersey, Rib 1&1 and English Rib fabrics made out of cotton and blended Cotton/Polyester yarns were studied. The dynamic water sorption of fabrics was investigated under same isothermal and terrestrial conditions at 20±2°C-65±4% ...

We find an explicit expression of the Tutte polynomial of an $n$-fan. We also find a formula of the Tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel in terms of the Tutte polynomial of $n$-fans. Finally, we give an alternative expression of the Tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel and then prove the explicit formula for the Tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel.

Some systems interact with their environment at physically distributed interfaces, called ports, and in testing such a system it is normal to place a tester at each port. Each tester observes only the events at its port and it is known that this limited observational power introduces additional controllability and observability problems into testing. Given a multi-port finite state machine (FSM...

The four-wheel-drive electric vehicle's traction chain is powered by four permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), a single three-phase, five-leg inverter (FLI). In order to achieve the behavior of mechanical differential and require parallel wheel-motors turn at identical or different speeds, using this structure, an independent control applied on each driving wheel. For particular there sh...

Imagine that you and some friends are playing a version of roulette. The wheel is divided into 36 sectors, alternately colored red and black. Before spinning the wheel, the contestant chooses a color and then wins or loses depending on whether or not his color comes up. You, the master player, have honed an ability to spin the wheel exactly 360◦ with high probability. Thus, if the wheel is init...