Emerging outbreaks of zoonotic diseases are affecting humans at an alarming rate. Until the ecological factors associated with zoonoses are better understood, disease emergence will continue. For Lyme disease, disease suppression has been demonstrated by a dilution effect, whereby increasing species diversity decreases disease prevalence in host populations. To test the dilution effect in anoth...

To determine the effect of age on stepping performance and to compare the cognitive demand required to regulate repetitive stepping between older and younger adults while performing a stepping in place task (SIP). Fourteen younger (25.4 ± 6.5) and 15 older adults (71.0 ± 9.0) participated in this study. They performed a seated category fluency task and Stroop test, followed by a 60 s SIP task. ...

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, first documented in 1993, is caused by Sin Nombre virus (SNV), which is carried by the Peromyscus species. In 1994, high SNV antibody prevalence was identified in deer mice from two California Channel Islands. We sampled two locations on three islands to estimate mouse population density and SNV prevalence. Population flux and SNV prevalence appear to vary indepen...

We derive predictions for the Nadir angle (θn) dependence of the ratio Nμ/Ne of the rates of the μ−like and e−like multi-GeV events measured in water-Čerenkov detectors in the case of 3-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric νe (ν̄e) and νμ (ν̄μ), driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |∆m31| ∼ (2.5− 3.0)× 10−3 eV2 ≫ ∆m21. This ratio is particularly sensitive to the Earth matter effect...

"Onanism," the term derived from Genesis 38:9-10 which in traditional Christian usage has designated both masturbation and unnatural intercourse between a man and woman, is not exactly a pleasant theme to write about. And in a sense, that fact itself is the short answer to those who claim that these sorts of acts are ethically indifferent or innocent. In other words, the spontaneous negative em...

The words sin and science are seldom mentioned in the same sentence. However, I suspect that sin, both individual and societal, is a contributing factor to the fact that male scientists outnumber female ones. This suggestion is not intended to produce the guilt and shame that is already so common in women, but intended rather to illuminate an issue and perhaps guide strategies to change. The ge...

We generalize a formula of B. Litow [7] and propose several new formula linked with the parallel Integer Coprimality, Integer GCD and Modular Inverse problems as well. Particularly, we find a new trigonometrical definition of the GCD of two integers a, b ≥ 1 : gcd(a, b) = 1 π ∫ π 0 cos[ (b− a)x ] sin (abx) sin(ax) sin(bx) dx. We also suggest a generalization of the GCD function to real numbers.

background and aim: there is a controversy about cochlear implant usefulness for users since they do not develop speech and language with equal quality. many researchers by controlling demographic and medical variables in this population suggested the contribution of neuro­cognitive factors such as working memory to this variation. the aim of this study was to com­pare working memory capacity b...

It is reported that sinomenine (SIN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) both are effective for colon cancer, but their cooperative suppressive effects and toxicity remain to be clarified in detail. This study aimed to determine suppressive effects and toxicity of sinomenine (SIN) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on LoVo colon carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. CCK-8, Hoechst 33258 staining and an annexin V...