Onchocerciasis (also known as ‘river blindness’), is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by the (Simulium-transmitted) filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus. The occurrence of ‘blinding’ (savannah) and non-blinding (forest) parasite strains existence corresponding, locally adapted Onchocerca–Simulium complexes were postulated to explain greater blindness prevalence in savannah than forest...

The distribution and abundance of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in a small desert stream were influenced by environmental changes caused by recharge of water supply storage basins and an aquaculture operation. Simulium virgatum was the most abundant benthic insect collected in Whitewater Canyon (Riverside County, CA) after April; however, it was never found in trout farm effluent where the ...

HE three most common inversions in the population of Chironomus (Kiefferulus) intertinctus Skuse at Ocean Grove, Victoria, are tied up in associations of one sort or another. The first paper in this series (MARTIN 1962) was concerned with the linkage of the Corio inversion, on the third chromosome, with the sex determining region. The present paper deals with a nonrandom association of inversio...

The genus Kiitricha was long assumed to be the most primordial taxon in the Stichotrichia [hypotrichs sensu lato (s. l.)] based on its morphological features and was considered to be an intermediate between heterotrichs and the traditional hypotrichous assemblage. In order to evaluate the phylogenetic position of Kiitricha within the Hypotrichia, we sequenced the small-subunit rRNA gene and the...

To assess adverse effects of ivermectin treatment in a Simulium neavei−transmitted focus of onchocerciasis, a study was conducted with 1,246 patients infected with Onchocerca volvulus in eight villages in western Uganda. Study participants were treated the first time with a single dose of 150 g/kg of ivermectin. Adverse reactions to ivermectin were determined through questioning and clinical ex...