As smart structures are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in our daily life, the need for efficient modeling electromechanical coupling devices is also rapidly advancing. Smart often made of piezoelectric materials such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which exhibits strong nonlinear behavior known hysteresis effect under a large applied electric field. There have been numerous techniques that ...

This paper presents a simplified mathematical model of pumped hydrofoil (PH)—a surfboard elevated above water surface and connected to tandem hydrofoils by strut. The PH is operated rider who stands on the produces swinging up-and-down motions resulting in forward propulsion device. In present paper, description vertical motion reduced linear oscillator excited an oscillating mass coupled with ...

The motion planning solution of a simpliied car presented in (Fliess et al., 1995) admits a geometric formulation through the Fr enet formulae. We present and use this formulation that preserves the invariance with respect to SE(2) to built a global asymptotic observer of the non measured direction of the car via the only measurement of its position. Then we study the tracking of a planned path...

Three recent articles (1, 2, 3) describe methods of heat control which seem unnecessarily complicated in view of the present technical development of control tubes in the radio industry. Those methods, just mentioned, use mechanical relays and have wiring schemes which, although not complicated to those acquainted with radio, are nevertheless too difficult for many people to construct. One of t...