Data collected from four distinct canopy positions from each of 39 Abies balsamea (L.) Miller trees were used to construct models to describe the cumulative leaf area distribution within the crown and to predict the needle mass of individual branches, the average branch angle, branch diameter, branch length, and crown radius per whorl, and the average number of living branches per whorl. We tes...

Fig. 3.?Electrocardiogram, showing apparent bundle branch block (right-sided) and ventricular extra-systoles. The short duration' of P-R and the widening of the QRS complexes are characteristic. (Date of tracing : 22-4-40.) Fig. 3.?Electrocardiogram, showing apparent bundle branch block (right-sided) and ventricular extra-systoles. The short du of P-R and the widening of the QRS complexes are c...

The gating mechanism of a single ion channel is usually modelled by a nite state space continuous time Markov chain. The patch clamp technique enables the experimenter to record the current owing across a single ion channel. In practice, the current is corrupted by noise and low-pass ltering, and is sampled with a typically very short sampling interval. We present a method for performing Bayesi...

Objectives of this study were to compare ethanol production between normal and waxy corn using a cold fermentation process and to understand effects of starch structures and properties on ethanol production. Ethanol yields positively correlated (p < 0.01) with starch contents of kernels of the normal and waxy corn. The average starch-ethanol conversion efficiency of waxy corn (93.0%) was substa...

Using an optimized combination of tethered particle motion method, total internal reflection, and a gold nanobead, we measured the three-dimensional distribution of the free end of a tethered DNA molecule. The distribution along the axial z direction (perpendicular to the surface) is found to be Rayleigh-like, in agreement with wormlike chain and freely jointed chain simulations. Using these si...

Supply chain management is taken into account as an inseparable component in satisfying customers' requirements. This paper deals with the distribution network design (DND) problem which is a critical issue in achieving supply chain accomplishments. A capable DND can guarantee the success of the entire network performance. However, there are many factors that can cause fluctuations in input dat...