In this paper, we focus on chunking including contiguous multiword expression recognition, namely super-chunking. In particular, we present different strategies to improve a superchunker based on Conditional Random Fields by combining it with a finite-state symbolic super-chunker driven by lexical and grammatical resources. We display a substantial gain of 7.6 points in terms of overall accuracy.

Magnetotelluric (MT) method is an electromagnetic technique that uses the earth natural field to map the electrical resistivity changes in subsurface structures. Because of the high penetration depth of the electromagnetic fields in this method (tens of meters to tens of kilometers), the MT data is used to investigate the shallow to deep subsurface geoelectrical structures and their dimensions....

This paper reports the performances of shallow word-level convolutional neural networks (CNN), our earlier work (2015) [3, 4], on the eight datasets with relatively large training data that were used for testing the very deep characterlevel CNN in Conneau et al. (2016) [1]. Our findings are as follows. The shallow word-level CNNs achieve better error rates than the error rates reported in [1] t...

Chinese shallow parsing is a difficult, important and widely-studied sequence modeling problem. CRFs are new discriminative sequential models which may incorporate many rich features. This paper shows how conditional random fields (CRFs) can be efficiently applied to Chinese shallow parsing. We employ using CRFs and HMMs on a same data set. Our results confirm that CRFs improve the performance ...

Unintended release of CO(2) from carbon sequestration reservoirs poses a well-recognized risk to groundwater quality. Research has largely focused on in situ CO(2)-induced pH depression and subsequent trace metal mobilization. In this paper we focus on a second mechanism: upward intrusion of displaced brine or brackish-water into a shallow aquifer as a result of CO(2) injection. Studies of two ...

The invasive zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) has quickly colonized shallow-water habitats in the North American Great Lakes since the 1980s but the quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis) is becoming dominant in both shallow and deep-water habitats. While quagga mussel shell morphology differs between shallow and deep habitats, functional causes and consequences of such difference are unknown. W...

[1] Dynamic pore pressure changes in the overriding wedge above a shallow-dipping plate interface significantly affect the rupture dynamics of shallow subduction zone earthquakes and their tsunamigenesis. For a wedge on the verge of Coulomb failure everywhere including the basal fault, the dynamic pore pressure increase due to up-dip rupture propagation leads to widespread yielding within the w...

Shallow basal root growth angle (BRGA) increases phosphorus acquisition efficiency by enhancing topsoil foraging because in most soils, phosphorus is concentrated in the topsoil. Root hair length and density (RHL/D) increase phosphorus acquisition by expanding the soil volume subject to phosphorus depletion through diffusion. We hypothesized that shallow BRGA and large RHL/D are synergetic for ...

Deep and shallow processing techniques have complementary strengths and weaknesses. There are various ways in which deep and shallow techniques can be combined in practical systems to take advantage of the strengths of each approach. In this paper, I argue for the advantages of using a semantic representation as the interface between various types of deep and shallow processing. I illustrate ho...