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Hydro-economic river basin models (HERBM) based on mathematical programming are conventionally formulated as explicit 'aggregate optimization' problems with a single, aggregate objective function. Often unintended, this format implicitly assumes that decisions on water allocation are made via central planning or functioning markets such as to maximize social welfare. In the absence of perfect w...

Biodiesel production sustainability relates to decision making on blending involving economic and environmental criteria. Several feedstocks candidate in European countries biodiesel industry, namely different vegetable origin oils. The present research aims at assessing the impact of technological constraints allocated to the decision objectives taking into account ...

In this paper, we present a new method for creating shadow texture atlas with which we can represent the self-shadow. Shadow texture atlas is a texture atlas with shadow information in each texel. Shadow texture is effective to represent high-quality shadow using the graphics hardware because it stores shadow information as color unlike shadow map which stores depth. However, it cannot represen...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: C61 Q54 Keywords: Technical efficiency CO 2 shadow price Morishima substitution elasticity Chinese manufacturing industry China is the world's largest CO 2 producer and energy consumer. In this paper, we calculate the maximum technically obtainable CO 2 emissions reduction from the efficient use of inputs and estimate the shadow prices of CO 2 emissions...

We develop a distribution-adjusted welfare measure that aggregates income, unemployment, and longevity using individual weights reflect heterogeneous preferences. The is implemented for 28 OECD countries 2008–2013 to gauge the effects of Great Recession. Estimated shadow prices one percentage point unemployment year average 3.1 percent 5.7 household respectively. find rate GDP growth poorly ref...

The present paper accomplishes a major step towards a reconciliation of two conflicting approaches in mathematical finance: on the one hand, the mainstream approach based on the notion of no arbitrage (Black, Merton & Scholes); and on the other hand, the consideration of non-semimartingale price processes, the archetype of which being fractional Brownian motion (Mandelbrot). Imposing (arbitrari...

in a fictional movie, shadow is not only a technical and thematic concept, but also one of the most illustrative and expressing aesthetic elements of the movie. shadows vast dimensions have led to various discussions and studies along the history of cinema. the main theory of this essay is that a shadow is a comprehensible phenomenon whose interpretation and understanding are greatly essential ...