Much of the planet’s energy consumption, pollutions, waste generation etc. happens in cities, which makes it important to consider urban areas in efforts aiming at sustainable development. Transportation and land use planning has become essential as a decision aid tool. Development of LUTI models (Land Use and Transportation Integrated models) has increased during the last 20 years. Calibration...

TCP and TCP-friendly rate control protocols, designed for unicast, do not take neighbor connections into account in P2P networks. In this paper, we study the topic of distributed and optimal rate control for scalable video streams in P2P streaming applications. First, we propose a fully distributed and TCPfriendly network analytical model for rate control and formulate an optimization problem t...

Next, consider the system of differential equations d dt y r (t) = r w r (t) 0 y r (t) j2r j (t) (11) for r 2 R, where j(t) = pj r:j2r yr(t) (12) and p j (1) is a positive continuous increasing function, for j 2 J. We interpret the relations (11)–(12) as follows. Suppose that resource j marks a proportion p j (z) of packets with a feedback signal when the total flow through resource j is z; and...

In paper we present an overview of recent work on resource pricing for differentiated services in the Internet. This approach is based upon encouraging cooperation between the end-systems and the network by use of the correct feedback signals. These signals reflect the congestion shadow prices at a resource, and their use means then even ‘selfish’ end-systems, acting in their own best interests...

It is well known that given a network that can become constrained on voltage or real power flows, reserves must also be spatially located in order to handle all credible contingencies. However, to date, there is no credible science-based method for assigning and pricing reserves in this way. Presented in this paper is a new scheduling algorithm incorporating constraints imposed by grid security...

Air pollution in industrial cities with emissions from firms is a growing problem in India. Durgapur, one of the growing industrial cities in eastern India, covering a host of industries, suffers from similar problems. The paper estimates the marginal abatement cost of air pollution of industries in Durgapur, West Bengal. We model the technology of a firm with output-distance function. Here the...

Subsistence farmers may not respond to market incentives if their resource allocation decisions are based on shadow prices. This may lead to “puzzling” results from an economic point of view if shadow prices are not taken into account. Subsistence maize farmers in rural Mexico are an example with their non-response to decreasing maize prices after NAFTA. I analyze the true value measure of maiz...

Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Lagrange Multiplier Tests for Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regressions with Spatial Lag and Spatial Errors: An Application to Hedonic Housing Prices in Paris This paper proposes maximum likelihood estimators for panel seemingly unrelated regressions with both spatial lag and spatial error components. We study the general case where spatial effects are incorporated...

This thesis consists of a summary and four self-contained papers. Paper [I] examines whether the implementation of a social safety net programme in Ethiopia has affected the value, risk and composition of farmers‟ crop portfolios. The empirical analysis suggests that the value and risk of the crop portfolio have not been altered due to the programme. However, the programme seems to have brought...

A discrete-time stochastic control problem for general (nonlinear in state, control, observation and noise) models is considered. The same noise can enter into the state and into the observation equations, and the state/observation does not need to be affine with respect to the noise. Under mild assumptions the joint distribution function of the state/observation processes is obtained and used ...