to explore the idea the investingation proposed, aimed at finding whether the performances of the population of iranians students studying english in an efl context are consistent in l1 and l2 writing taks and whether there is a cross-linguistic transfer in this respect. in this regard the subjects were instructed to write four compositions-two in english and two in farsi-which consisted of an ...

Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) is a noxious and cosmopolitan weed that is widely distributed in different parts of the world and competes severely with crops and reduces their growth and yield. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of drought stress on some morphological and physiological characteristics of redroot pigweed in 2018 and 2019. Treatments included d...

testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

plagiarism in esl/efl learning contexts has been established as a dynamic and multi-layered phenomenon and has become a topic engaging many researchers in a heated debate in recent years. comparisons of student-generated texts with their source texts have shown that students rely on source texts in their writings and copying is a major strategy used by both l1 and l2 writers. in our country a...

this study examined the effects of collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion on iranian high school students persuasive writing and attitudes. students in three intact classes were assigned to one of three treatment conditions: collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion or direct instruction in persuasion or a control group. treatment effects...

To study the effects of potassium (K) and drought stress on growth indices and mineral content of safflower leaf, a factorial experiment with 12 treatments and three replications was performed, using a completely randomized design, in the greenhouse of Soil Science Department, Zanjan University, Iran. The experimental treatments were a combination of four levels of K (80,130,180 and 230 mg/kg) ...

To investigate the effect of  the timing of nitrogen fertilizer application on grain yield and quality of bread wheat cultivars under terminal drought stress conditions, two field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Miandoab in West Azerbaijan, Iran, in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 cropping seasons. Experimental treatments were arranged as split plot factorial in randomiz...

the significance of the study of deixis was then mentioned. the purpose of the present study from the outset was to provide a comprehensive overview of all kinds of deixis in persian, describing and defining each in true while considering them structurally and semantically. chapter two consisted of two main parts. a review of the english studies in this respect, besides presenting persian liter...