This paper investigates the relationship between Kant's analytics of biology, and the metaphysical conceptions of contingency and necessity in §§76–7 of the CPJ. In general, the connection between purposiveness and contingency is attested within the very project of a critique of a power of judgment. Indeed, the many particular, empirical laws of nature seem contingent regarding the universal la...

Supply chain disruptions significantly impact businesses worldwide. Many organizations work towards improving flexibility so as to prepare for such disruptions and maintain competitive advantage. This research effort examines four activities that are associated with the contingency planning process to determine which, if any, of these processes are ultimately supportive of organizational flexib...

We consider connected Markov chain for sampling 3 × 3 × K contingency tables having fixed two-dimensional marginal totals. Such sampling arises in performing various tests of the hypothesis of no three-factor interactions. Markov chain algorithm is a valuable tool for evaluating p values, especially for sparse data sets where large-sample theory does not work well. For constructing a connected ...

This paper presents a new approach to analysing and understanding civil emergency planning based on the notion of responsibility modelling combined with HAZOPS analysis of information requirements. Our goal is to represent complex contingency plans so that they can be more readily understood, so that inconsistencies can be highlighted and vulnerabilities discovered. In this paper, we outline th...

In three experiments, each of a set colour-unrelated distracting words was presented most often in a particular target print colour (e.g., "month" most often in red). In Experiment 1, half of the participants were told the word-colour contingencies in advance (instructed) and half were not (control). The instructed group showed a larger learning effect. This instruction effect was fully explain...

Associations of 6-week postpartum maternal self-criticism and dependency with 4-month mother-infant self- and interactive contingencies during face-to-face play were investigated in 126 dyads. Infant and mother face, gaze, touch, and vocal quality were coded second by second from split-screen videotape. Self- and interactive contingencies were defined as auto- and lagged cross-correlation, resp...

Triangular contingency tables are a special class of incomplete contingency tables. Association and independence models are used to analyze such tables. Association models can be described in terms of the association parameters for the analysis of triangular contingency tables having ordered categories. The aim of this study is to show the relation between the association parameters of the unif...

The contingency approach has been the subject of discussions, criticisms and reformulations, above all because of its huge usage in organizational research (Drazin and Van de Ven, 1985) and in other fields as well, such as information systems (IS) (Weill and Olson, 1989). What motivates the substantial adoption of contingency models and what are the sources of great critics are some of the issu...

The importance of preventing the voltage collapse is gaining importance due to increase in dependency on the use of electricity. This has compelled the utilities to maintain high system reliability. The evaluation of a power systems ability to withstand dangerous contingencies and to survive to a normal or acceptable operating point is a prerequisite for security analysis. Line outage often cau...