in this paper, it was shown that , where  and , and , where  is not prime and , are od-characterizable.

let $g$ be a connected graph with vertex set $v(g)$‎. ‎the‎ ‎degree resistance distance of $g$ is defined as $d_r(g) = sum_{{u‎,‎v} subseteq v(g)} [d(u)+d(v)] r(u,v)$‎, ‎where $d(u)$ is the degree‎ ‎of vertex $u$‎, ‎and $r(u,v)$ denotes the resistance distance between‎ ‎$u$ and $v$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we characterize $n$-vertex unicyclic‎ ‎graphs having minimum and second minimum degree resista...

The potential for molecular hydrogen () generated via serpentinization to fuel subsurface microbial ecosystems independent from photosynthesis has prompted biogeochemical investigations of serpentinization-influenced fluids. However, typically sample surface seeps or open-borehole pumping, which can mix chemically distinct waters different depths. Depth-indiscriminate sampling methods could thu...

an equitable domination has interesting application in the contextof social networks. in a network, nodes with nearly equal capacitymay interact with each other in a better way. in the societypersons with nearly equal status, tend to be friendly. in thispaper, we introduce new variant of equitable domination of agraph. basic properties and some interesting results have beenobtained.

One of the most puzzling aspects of Mars is that organics have not yet been found on the surface. The simplest of organic molecules, methane, was detected in the Martian atmosphere for the first time in 2003. The existence and behavior of methane on Mars is of great significance, as methane is a potential biomarker. In this paper we review our current understanding of possible sources and sinks...

Abstract Previous studies have concluded that dehydration of serpentinites in subduction zones produces oxidizing fluids are the cause oxidized arc magmas. Here, observations natural samples and settings combined with thermodynamic models to explore some factors complicate interpretation form basis this conclusion. These include variability serpentinite protoliths, roles carbon sulfur evolution...

Magnetotelluric (MT) data can image the Earth's electrical resistivity down to mantle but are rarely used for investigation of offshore rifted margins. In such settings, lower crust and upper altered by distinct tectono-thermal processes often display similar seismic velocities densities. By integrating models from MT data, we aim at resolving ambiguity. Here, 3D inversion long period, marine (...