to investigate the seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in sheep in ahvaz, southwestern iran, bloodsamples were taken from 181 female sheep. sera were stored at -20°c until use. they were initially screenedat serum dilution of 1:100 against six live antigens of leptospira interrogans serovars pomona, canicola,hardjo, ballum, icterohaemorrhagiae, grippotyphosa using the microscopic agglutinat...

For the first half century of animal virology, the major problem was lack of a simple method for quantitating infectious virus particles; the only method available at that time was some form or other of the serial-dilution end-point method in animals, all of which were both slow and expensive. Cloned cultured animal cells, which began to be available around 1950, provided Dulbecco with a new ap...

Quantification of RCA phylotypes We developed a specific PCR approach to estimate the abundance of the RCA phylotypes relative to total bacterial 16S rRNA genes based on serial dilution of extracted DNA. Alternate 1:5 and 1:2 dilution steps to extinction were applied in triplicates, to 10-fold dilution or higher. PCRs with bacterial and RCA-specific primers were performed simultaneously using 6...

We present a novel approach for measuring topical microbicide gel dilution using optical imaging. The approach compares gel thickness measurements from fluorimetry and multiplexed low coherence interferometry in order to calculate dilution of a gel. As a microbicide gel becomes diluted at fixed thickness, its mLCI thickness measurement remains constant, while the fluorimetry signal decreases in...

Introduction: Gene expression and purification of luciferases from the firefly, Lampyris turkestanicus, and optimization of cellular ATP measurements were performed. Methods: cDNA encoding luciferases from Lampyris turkestanicus was transferred from pQE30 vector into pET28a expression vector and pLtu28 was built. Newly constructed vector was expressed in E. coli XL1 Blue and the recombinant l...

The aim of the current study was to isolate amylase producing bacteria from the soil samples collected from marine environment of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The isolation was performed by serial dilution and plating method. Total 35 bacteria were isolated from the collected soil samples. All isolates were screened for amylolytic activity by starch agar plate method, among 35 bacterial ...

In the present study, we have prepared chitosan-carbon nanotube (Chitosan-CNT) hydrogels by the freeze-lyophilization method and examined their antimicrobial activity. Different concentrations of CNT were used in the preparation of Chitosan-CNT hydrogels. These differently concentrated CNT hydrogels were chemically characterized using Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron M...

Introduction: Candida albicans is the most common oral fungus associated with oral candidial infections. Various antifungal agents are in use and the search is on for more agents showing anti candidial properties. Ganodermalucidum has been in use in Traditional Chinese Medicine for years. Literature supports the use of this Ganodermalucidum as a medicinal mushroom for its antimicrobial, antivir...