The number of applications involving ionic liquids has dramatically increased in the past few years, and their production and use in a large scale will inevitably lead to their dispersion into water streams (either by wastewater disposal or accidental leakage). Studies on the removal and recovery of ionic liquids from wastewater streams are therefore of crucial importance, yet particularly scar...

Vibrational spectroscopy has continued use as a powerful tool to characterize ionic liquids since the literature on room temperature molten salts experienced the rapid increase in number of publications in the 1990's. In the past years, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies have provided insights on ionic interactions and the resulting liquid structure in ionic liquids. A large body of informa...

HOW TO CITE: Reddy P. A critical review of ionic liquids for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. S Afr J Sci. 2015;111(11/12), Art. #2015-0083, 9 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/ sajs.2015/20150083 Ionic liquids have been the subject of active research over the course of the last decade and have in the past been touted as one of the most promising technologies for revolutionising the...

Ionic liquids are molten salts that have low melting points. This review concentrates upon eutectic mixtures of quaternary ammonium salts and metal salts (usually halides). These so-called eutectic based ionic liquids can be used for the electrodeposition and dissolution of a wide range of metals and alloys. The review highlights the technological challenges involved in the application of ionic...

Solvent is one of the important components in chemical processes. The type solvent that often used paint and coating industry a hydrocarbon-based which consists diverse complex mixture liquids contains aliphatic, alicyclic aromatic (C5-C8) elements. Aromatic hydrocarbons are environmental pollutants known to be toxic, carcinogenic mutagenic, so with an content less than 1% needed. An appropriat...

Supercritical fluids and ionic liquids offer attractive opportunities for modifying and applying zeolites as adsorbents and catalysts. After a brief introduction to the most important properties of these solvents, examples of zeolite applications in supercritical fluids and ionic liquids from the recent literature are discussed. Particular emphasis is put on the influence of reaction media on t...

A range of ionic liquids containing dialkylimidazolium cations and halobismuthate anions ([BiBr(x)Cl(y)I(z)](-) and [Bi2Br(x)Cl(y)I(z)](-)) were synthesised by combining dialkylimidazolium halide ionic liquids with bismuth(III) halide salts. The majority were room temperature liquids, all with very high densities. The neat ionic liquids and their mixtures with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(tr...

Fractional quantum Hall (FQH) liquids contain extremely rich internal structures which represent a whole new kind of ordering. We discuss the characterization and classification of the new orders (which is called topological orders). We also discuss the edge excitations in FQH liquids, which form the so-called chiral Luttinger liquids. The chiral Luttinger liquids at the edges also have very ri...

A new simple model is introduced for a liquid and an equation of state is derived based on this model and the statistical mechanical calculations. This equation of state works well for the non-polar and slightly polar liquids. The important conclusion that may be deduced from this equation of state is that if the reduced variables of state are chosen and defined appropriately, then, the pri...