Background: The supraclavicular approach to brachialplexus block (SCB) is indicated for operations of upper extremity distal the shoulder; infraclavicular (ICB) arm, elbow, wrist, and hand. Objective study was compare brachial plexus with in limb surgeries using peripheral nerve stimulator.Methods: This prospective conducted among 78 patients, 39 each group block, posted various on elective or ...

BACKGROUND There is debate as to whether nerve stimulation (NS) is required to place peripheral nerve catheters when using ultrasound (US) guidance. There is conflicting evidence for whether stimulating catheters improve postoperative analgesia compared to non-stimulating catheters. The use of US in combination with NS has been shown to be superior to NS alone in terms of popliteal nerve blocka...

One hundred women undergoing elective lower uterine segment Caesarean section under extradural anaesthesia received either 0.5% or 0.75% plain bupivacaine or 1.5% etidocaine with adrenaline 1:200 000 by random allocation. The time taken to establish satisfactory blockade for surgery was significantly shorter in the etidocaine group compared with either of the bupivacaine groups (P less than 0.0...

Some chronic pain conditions are maintained or enhanced by sympathetic activity. In animal models of pathological pain, abnormal sprouting of sympathetic fibers around large- and medium-sized sensory neurons is observed in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Large- and medium-sized cells are also more likely to be spontaneously active, suggesting that sprouting may be related to neuron activity. We pre...

Neurons in the primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) generate persistent firing in the absence of sensory stimulation, the foundation of mental representation. Persistent firing arises from recurrent excitation within a network of pyramidal Delay cells. Here, we examined glutamate receptor influences underlying persistent firing in primate dlPFC during a spatial working memory task. Co...

BACKGROUND Arthroscopic shoulder surgery has been performed in the sitting position under interscalene block (ISB). Bradycardia hypotension (BH) episodes have a reported incidence of 13-29% in this setting. We performed a retrospective study to investigate contributing factors to the occurrence of BH episodes. METHODS According to BH episodes, we divided 63 patients into two groups: BH group ...

Background This prospective randomised study was done to compare effects of epidural bupivacaine with buprenorphine over epidural bupivacaine with fentanyl for lower limb surgeries. Methods 60 patients in the age group 20-60 years belonging to ASA I-II posted for elective lower limb surgeries were divided into two groups of 30 each and studied.Group A received 0.5% Bupivacaine 15ml with 150 ug ...

We compared intrathecal ropivacaine to bupivacaine in patients scheduled for transurethral resection of bladder or prostate. Doses of ropivacaine and bupivacaine were chosen according to a 3:2 ratio found to be equipotent in orthopedic surgery. One hundred patients were randomly assigned to blindly receive either 10 mg of isobaric bupivacaine (0.2%, n = 50) or 15 mg of isobaric ropivacaine (0.3...

To examine the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channels in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension, male Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and -resistant (DR) rats were fed a low-salt (LS) or high-salt (HS) diet for 3 weeks. DS-HS but not DR-HS rats developed hypertension. 4alpha-Phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (a selective TRPV4 activator; 2.5 mg/kg IV) decreased mean art...