In Nature, fish have the ability to localize prey, school, navigate, etc., using the lateral-line organ. Artificial hair flow sensors arranged in a linear array shape (inspired by the lateral-line system (LSS) in fish) have been applied to measure airflow patterns at the sensor positions. Here, we take advantage of both biomimetic artificial hair-based flow sensors arranged as LSS and beamformi...

We utilized oil/water interfaces as a new field to produce lipid nanotubes (LNTs), which are formed by the self-assembly of lipid molecules, and possess hollow nanometer-wide cylindrical structures. Compared to the self-assembling field in bulk water, oil/water interfaces produced shorter lipids nanotubes less than 10 microm long more efficiently. In addition, we found that the oil/water interf...

The mechanism for finding the position of sensor node is crucial for many sensor network applications. Most sensor networks which can tolerate coarse accuracy look range free localization mechanism as its solution. We have proposed a novel algorithm where beacon nodes are randomly distributed and sensor nodes estimates the beacon nodes at different levels according to signal strength. We determ...

This paper investigates the effect of modal interference on the performance of hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber (HC-PBF) gas sensors. By optimizing mode launch, using proper length of sensing HC-PBF, and applying proper wavelength modulation in combination with lock-in detection, as well as appropriate digital signal processing, an estimated lower detection limit of less than 1 part-per-milli...

A sensor constellation capable of determining the location and detailed concentration distribution of chemical warfare agent simulant clouds has been developed and demonstrated on government test ranges. The constellation is based on the use of standoff passive multispectral infrared imaging sensors to make column density measurements through the chemical cloud from two or more locations around...

In gravitational lensing, the concept of optical depth assumes the lens is dark. Several microlensing detections have now been made where the lens may be bright. Relations are developed between apparent and absolute optical depth in the regime of the apparent and absolute brightness of the lens. An apparent optical depth through bright lenses is always less than the true, absolute optical depth...

We present results from our Parkes Multibeam H I survey of 3 loose groups of galaxies that are analogous to the Local Group. This is a survey of groups containing only spiral galaxies with mean separations of a few hundred kpc, and total areas of approximately 1 Mpc2 ; groups similar to our own Local Group. We present a census of the H I-rich objects in these groups down to a la MHI sensitivity...

Most of the baryons in the local universe are “missing” in that they are not in galaxies or in the previously detected gaseous phases. These missing baryons are predicted to be in a moderately hot phase, 10–10 K, largely in the form of giant cosmic filaments that connect the denser virialized clusters and groups of galaxies. Models show that the highest covering fraction of such filaments occur...

We study guided modes in a conductor-gap-dielectric (CGD) system that includes a low-index dielectric gap layer of deep sub-wavelength thickness sandwiched between a conductor and a high-index dielectric cladding. Analysis of the dispersion equation for CGD modes provides an analytical estimation for the cut-off thickness of the gap layer. This guided mode is unusual because it exists when the ...

Achieving control over the morphology of zeolite crystals at the nanoscale is crucial for enhancing their performance in diverse applications including catalysis, sensors and separation. The complexity and sensitivity of zeolite synthesis processes, however, often make such control both highly empirical and difficult to implement. We demonstrate that graphene can significantly alter the morphol...