this study investigates monthly and seasonal variations of carbon emission from the soil at different grazing intensities. three areas of exclosure, low and high grazing intensities were selected in ghoosheh region of semnan province. carbon emission was measured monthly, in each treatment applying alkali traps (csc) during a year. emission and grazing data were analyzed, using a factorial expe...

livestock grazing is one of the most important kinds of land usage that has a high potential to decrease or increase carbon storage in rangeland ecosystem. this research was investigated the effects of enclosure on soil carbon storage in a rangeland with dominant plants of artemisia aucheri. hence, two rangelands of enclosure (shahtappeh-chah mahmood) and no enclosure (chiro) were chosen in sem...

recognizing the importance of the advertising in brand reinforcement and brand credibility, the authors conduct the present research for understanding the customers’ emotional responses toward the brand reinforcement and credibility and its effect on the perceived values and behavioral intentions. hypotheses were tested on data collected from 467 customers of mellat bank in semnan province in i...

Gabapentin seems to be a safe and well tolerated medication for treating heroine dependence. This study examined the efficacy of gabapentin for relieving withdrawal-related pain due to heroin use. Sixty men were recruited from an inpatient psychiatric ward of Fatemieh hospital in Semnan and randomized to receive either placebo (n = 30) or gabapentin (1800 mg/day) (n = 30) for 7 days. Subjective...

We determined the prevalence of smoking among 320 male medical sciences students (174 studying for a medical degree, 95 a bachelor degree and 51 a associate degree) in Semnan, Islamic Republic of Iran. A self-administrated, anonymous questionnaire was used. The prevalence of smoking was 14.4%; 45.6% of the smokers started smoking between the ages of 18 and 20 years, 43.5% starting at university...

Recent theoretical investigations [M. Beneke et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1914 (1999)] of two-body hadronic B decays have provided justification, at least to order αs, for the use of the factorization ansatz to evaluate the B decay matrix elements provided the decay meson containing the spectator quark is not heavy. Motivated by this, we present simplified formulae for a wide range of B decays i...

the water-distilled essential oils, which were obtained from the fresh aerial parts of satureja hortensis were analyzed by means of gc and cc/ms instruments. the plant was collected during the flowering stage from foroomad mountains, semnan province, and heart of iran. twenty compounds were identified in the different samples analyzed, representing 100% of the total oil contents. in terms of ge...

salvia leriifolia (lamiaceae) is endemic of khorasan and semnan province and an endangered plant. poor seed germination of this plant has a serious problem with the high production. the first step to improve this precious plant is to produce sterile plantlets in order to prepare explants of appropriate vigor. in this study,in vitro culture of salvia leriifolia zygotic embryo was performed throu...

nowadays green house gases such as carbon have the most effect on global climate changes that can be decreased by plant and soil carbon sequestration of rangelands. livestock grazing has high potential to decrease or increase carbon storage. so this research investigated the effects of enclosure on plant carbon storage in rangeland of enclosure (shah tappeh-chah mahmood) and no enclosure (chiro...

development of new technologies is one of the key success factors in most today’s organizations. but this point must also be considered that the acceptance of new technologies does not happen at the moment; it is a process that takes shape over time, and if the usage is repeated, it can be concluded that acceptance has been successful. besides the systematical review of the researches conducted...