The liquid metal flow and the solidification behaviours in a multi-cavity casting mould of two automotive cast parts were simulated in three dimensions. The commercial code, FLOW-3D® was used because it can track the front of the molten metal by a Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and allows complicated parts to be modeled by the Fractional Area/Volume Obstacle Representation (FAVOR) meth...

Hot tearing is one of the most severe and irreversible casting defects for many metallic materials. In 2004, Eskin et al. published a review paper in which development hot aluminium alloys was evaluated (Eskin Suyitno, 2004). Sixteen years have passed this domain has undergone considerable development. Nevertheless, an updated systematic description field not been presented. Therefore, article ...

During solidification of metallic alloys, coalescence leads to the formation of solid bridges between grains or grain clusters when both solid and liquid phases are percolated. As such, it represents a key transition with respect to the mechanical behavior of solidifying alloys and to the prediction of solidification cracking. Coalescence starts at the coherency point when the grains begin to t...

Using a semi-discrete model that describes the heat transfer of a continuous casting process of steel, this paper is addressed to an optimal control problem of the continuous casting process in the secondary cooling zone with water spray control. The approach is based on the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation satisfied by the value function. It is shown that the value function is the viscosity so...

A method is presented to use a dimensionless form of the well-known Niyama criterion to directly predict the amount of shrinkage porosity that forms during solidification of metal alloy castings. The main advancement offered by this method is that it avoids the need to know the threshold Niyama value below which shrinkage porosity forms; such threshold values are generally unknown and alloy dep...

A new group of synthetic resins (the ethoxyline or epoxide resins) has been widely accepted in industry during the last few years. These resins, thanks to their novel properties as adhesives and casting resins, are used in the modern manufacture of various kinds of apparatus, of electrical equipment, of automobiles, and of aircraft. They are usually supplied in the form of two reactive componen...

We present a novel, direct ray-tracing method for rendering Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces. Our method resolves an intersection with Bézier patches without performing of polygon tessellation as done in most traditional renderers. It supports the full set of RenderMan and OpenSubdiv subdivision surface features, including hierarchical edits, creases, semi-sharp creases, corners, the chaikin ...

Many applications of virtual endoscopy require the display of background objects behind the semi-transparent surface of the investigated organ. This paper describes a new first-hit ray casting technique for efficient perspective iso-surfacing of arbitrarily selected objects of interest. Visualization is performed without the use of dedicated hardware or data structures limiting flexibility (e.g...