Entrepreneurship policy mainly aims to promote innovative Schumpeterian entrepreneurship. However, the rate of entrepreneurship is commonly proxied using quantity-based metrics, such as small business activity, the self-employment rate, or the number of startups. We argue that those metrics give rise to misleading inferences regarding high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship. To unambiguously...

,4 DECADE ago the social security system was extended to include persons with self -employment earnings from agriculture. The first year they were covered (1955)) 2.1 million persons met the minimum income requirements and paid selfemployment taxes. 1 After reaching a peak of nearly 2.4 million tax returns for 1956, the number of farm persons filing self-employment social security tax returns d...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether competing demands for time affect diabetes self-care behaviors, processes of care, and intermediate outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used survey and medical record data from 5,478 participants in Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) and hierarchical regression models to examine the cross-sectional associations between competing demands f...

Testosterone has pronounced effects on men's physiological development and smaller, more nuanced, impacts on their economic behavior. In this study of 1199 Australian adult males, we investigate the relationship between the self-employed and their serum testosterone levels. Because prior studies have identified that testosterone is a hormone that is responsive to external factors (e.g. competit...

A large share of the workforce throughout the developing world is self-employed, and this proportion has increased in recent decades. Assessments of this development vary, with pull factors such as high returns to capital contrasted with push factors such as barriers to more desirable salaried jobs. Using a long panel dataset from Ghana, we empirically investigate the changing structure of earn...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a life-long condition with a wide and varied range of symptoms which can have a profound impact on all aspects of a patient’s life including future plans, self-confidence, self-esteem, relationships, quality of life and employment prospects. living with ms can certainly be difficult and frustrating. over time, however, most people find ways to adapt and come to terms ...

This paper studies the interactions among parental occupational choice and time allocations of their children in a developing economy. Data from the Mexican Time Use Survey 2002 indicates that informal self-employed parents demand a substantial amount of work hours from their children while minimizing their study hours. Self-employment produces gender specific patterns: Sons’ work outside the h...