Abstract The masonry bridges on the Kalka Shimla Mountain Railway line, which have multiple arch galleries in form of Roman aqueducts, are spectacular. line is situated severe seismic zones (Indian Standard 1893:2016). This research assesses vulnerability Bridge No. 541 line. bridge tallest route. In particular, it using finite element (FE) analysis. For this purpose, an FE model for developed ...

One of the main components for developing regional seismic risk models is fragility functions common building types. Due to differences between national design codes, construction practices, and materials, it necessary develop specific types which are constructed in each region. For this reason, present study devoted filling essential gap Iran. Therefore, first step, existing country classified...

A steel frame with a semi-rigid connection is one of the most widely used structural systems in modern construction. These are cheap to make, require less time construct and offer highest quality reliable construction without need for highly skilled workers. However, these show greater natural periods compared their perfectly rigid counterparts. This causes building attract low loads during ear...

Abstract Natural disasters may lead to failure of critical assets part railway systems. Slope often results in major economic consequences. Due the importance that railways systems have, it is pertinent ensure good performance and long‐term. The objective present research propose tools allow obtaining probability soil slopes under a seismic event by employing surrogate models ease computational...

The risk-targeted seismic design framework is used to set intensities, based on achieving a target risk level (e.g., collapse or fatality risk) with respect an assumed building response. This paper assesses the distribution of associated intensity, considering uncertainty in both hazard and variety buildings that can satisfy minimum requirement. randomness among their response due other decisio...