Pesticides usage in agricultural fields to control pests is extremely toxic to non target organisms like fish and affect fish health through impairment of metabolism, sometimes leading to mortality. Present study is a review of potential adverse effects of pesticides and pollutants in fish. Furthermore, the data generated could be useful in the environmental risk assessment of freshwater and ma...

Sediments have long been recognised as a source of contaminants in marine environments and, as a result, interim sediment quality guidelines were included in the ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000) water quality guidelines. While toxicity tests with benthic temperate species have been developed and incorporated into marine sediment toxicity assessments over the past 10 years, there has been limited test deve...

Marine microorganisms are involved in a variety of biogeochemical cycles and live diverse ecological communities where they interact with each other organisms to guarantee ecosystem functions. The present study focused on shallow marine environment located Ría de Vigo (NW, Spain), sediment size-fractionated plankton samples were collected from 2016 2018. DNA metabarcoding was used describe the ...

Ocean acidification represents a threat to marine species worldwide, and forecasting the ecological impacts of acidification is a high priority for science, management, and policy. As research on the topic expands at an exponential rate, a comprehensive understanding of the variability in organisms' responses and corresponding levels of certainty is necessary to forecast the ecological effects....

Annual temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula, one of the most rapidly warming regions on Earth, have risen by up to 0.56°C per decade since the 1950s. Terrestrial and marine organisms have shown changes in populations and distributions over this time, suggesting that the ecology of the Antarctic Peninsula is changing rapidly. However, these biological records are shorter in length than the me...

Frequently, population ecology of marine organisms uses a descriptive approach in which their sizes and densities are plotted over time. This approach has limited usefulness for design strategies in management or modelling different scenarios. Population projection matrix models are among the most widely used tools in ecology. Unfortunately, for the majority of pelagic marine organisms, it is d...

Overfishing of sharks is a global concern, with increasing numbers of species threatened by overfishing. For many sharks, both catch rates and underwater visual surveys have been criticized as indices of abundance. In this context, estimation of population trends using individual demographic rates provides an important alternative means of assessing population status. However, such estimates in...

Marine organisms have developed a wide variety of protective strategies to thrive in their native environments. These biological materials, although formed from simple biopolymer and biomineral constituents, take on many intricate and effective designs. The specific environmental conditions that shape all marine organisms have helped modify these materials into their current forms: complete hyd...

Biofouling is detrimental to the hydrodynamic performance of ships. In spite of advances in hull coating technology, a ship must usually undergo underwater hull cleaning to remove biofouling during her in-service time. However, some cleaning practices may also lead to decreased lifetime of the fouling-control coating. Therefore, cleaning forces should be minimized, according to the adhesion str...

Projections of marine biodiversity and implementation of effective actions for its maintenance in the face of current rapid global environmental change are constrained by our limited understanding of species' adaptive responses, including transgenerational plasticity, epigenetics and natural selection. This special issue presents 13 novel studies, which employ experimental and modelling approac...