Various adverse events resulting from, or associated with, benzodiazepine and/or Z-drug use have been extensively reported on and discussed in great detail within the biomedical literature. It is widely accepted that motor vehicle accidents and falls leading to fractures in older adults are major adverse events that have been shown to occur more frequently in users of sedative-hypnotic medicati...

separation of ten sedative- hypnotic drugs was performed by rp-hplc using mixed micellar mobile phase. effect of temperature, type and amount of organic modifier in mobile phase on efficiency (n) and asymmetry factor (b/a) showed that, the appropriate conditions for a good separation were 35°c and 7% (v/v) butanol in mobile phase.  variations of selectivity factor versus butanol concentration, ...

background: an analysis performed on the collected data from the local drug and poison information centre (dpic) of jundishapur university revealed that stings are the main causes of poisonings with frequency of 56%, followed by drug poisoning in 31%, and chemical exposure poisoning in 5.5% in khuzestan, the southwestern province of iran. objectives: the aim of the present study was to report t...

ABSTRACT A study was designed to compare two sedation protocols be used in horses undergoing orchiectomy when standing. In both protocols, the induction sedative state performed with bolus detomidine at a dose of 10 µg/kg, intravenously (IV). first protocol (eight horses), maintained 1% glyceryl guaiacol ether (GGE) continuous infusion, 1ml/kg/hour IV. second horses) this effect infusion same a...

Abstract Diazepam (DZP) is a benzodiazepine drug used as an anti-drug and sedative. It often misused to induce or create euphoria in combination with other drugs (high fly sensation) administered alone. So far, screening for DZP abuse sensitive analytical methods needed, its small concentrations make it difficult detect. Increased sensitivity of the method can be obtained by using preparation t...

INTRODUCTION Rational selection of a second-generation H1-antihistamine requires efficacy and safety considerations, particularly regarding central nervous system (CNS) effects (cognitive and psychomotor function), potential for driving impairment, minimal sedative effects and a lack of interactions. This review evaluates the key safety features of the non-sedating antihistamine, bilastine, dur...

Midazolam is a benzodiazepine with rapid onset of action and short duration of effect. In healthy neonates the half-life (t 1/2) and the clearance (Cl) are 3.3-fold longer and 3.7-fold smaller, respectively, than in adults. The volume of distribution (Vd) is 1.1 L/kg both in neonates and adults. Midazolam is hydroxylated by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5; the activities of these enzymes surge in the liver i...

Aripiprazole is a dopamine partial agonist antipsychotic drug that has just been approved in Europe for its use in the treatment of acute mania and for the prevention of manic episodes in bipolar disorder. Its efficacy in mania is superior to that of placebo, both as monotherapy and as adjunctive therapy, and comparable to that of haloperidol and lithium. From the safety perspective it is remar...

UNLABELLED We used quantitative topographical electroencephalography (EEG) to determine the time course of changes in brain electrical activity after clonidine infusion. Twenty healthy male volunteers (aged 24 +/- 5 yr) were included in the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (Group 1, placebo, n = 10; Group 2, 2.0 micrograms/kg clonidine, n = 10) study. EEG (17 electrodes, common aver...

Introduction In this study we are comparing two different doses 1μg/kg and 2 μg/kg of intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedative efficacy and analgesia as a premedication in children (6-12 years of age). This prospective, randomized study is designed to evaluate efficacy of 2 different doses of intranasal dexmedetomidine as a premedication in children. To assess the patient preoperatively and its ...