To examine the regional mechanical effects of selective genioglossus muscle activation on pharyngeal airway size and function, magnetic resonance images of the pharyngeal airway were obtained in five paralyzed, anesthetized cats over a range of positive and negative pressures in an isolated, sealed upper airway. When all results across pressure levels and pharyngeal regions were analyzed, genio...

A classification of the edentulous jaws has been developed based on a randomised cross-sectional study from a sample of 300 dried skulls. It was noted that whilst the shape of the basalar process of the mandible and maxilla remains relatively stable, changes in shape of the alveolar process is highly significant in both the vertical and horizontal axes. In general, the changes of shape of the a...

This paper presents an approach to describing the three dimensional shape of a violin plate in mathematical form. The shape description begins with standard contour lines and ends with an equation for a surface in three dimensional space. The traditional specification of cross sectional arching is unnecessary. Advantages of this approach are that it employs simple and universal description of p...

Ї R is a real time visual surveillance system for detecting and tracking multiple people and monitoring their activities in an outdoor environment. It operates on monocular gray-scale video imagery, or on video imagery from an infrared camera. ‡ R employs a combination of shape analysis and tracking to locate people and their parts (head, hands, feet, torso) and to create models of people's ap...

We introduce a systematic approach to designing summarizing abstract numeric domains from existing numeric domains. Summarizing domains use summary dimensions to represent potentially unbounded collections of numeric objects. Such domains are of benefit to analyses that verify properties of systems with an unbounded number of numeric objects, such as shape analysis, or systems in which the numb...

Shape analysis of simple closed plane curves is an important subject including many chances of application to industry, especially when the curves are apparent contours of objects projected into the plane. A notion of panorama view is introduced, with presentations of some ideas of its application to the subject.

In this paper we develop the theory of parametric polynomial regression in Riemannian manifolds and Lie groups. We show application of Riemannian polynomial regression to shape analysis in Kendall shape space. Results are presented, showing the power of polynomial regression on the classic rat skull growth data of Bookstein as well as the analysis of the shape changes associated with aging of t...

We present a new method for morphing 2D and 3D objects. In particular we focus on the problem of smooth interpolation on a shape manifold. The proposed method takes advantage of two recent works on 2D and 3D shape analysis to compute elastic geodesics between any two arbitrary shapes and interpolations on a Riemannian manifold. Given a finite set of frames of the same (2D or 3D) object from a v...

A Reference Library of socket shapes for an Above-Knee Computer Aided Socket Design (CASD) System has been created. This library forms part of a more general CASD System (Dean & Saunders, 1985; Novicov & Foort, 1982). It consists of a matrix of reference shapes representing above-knee socket characteristics and is based upon skeletal structure, residuum length and tissue mass. A set of 27 biome...

This paper introduces the concept of discrete multidimensional size function, a mathematical tool studying the so-called size graphs. These graphs constitute an ingredient of Size Theory, a geometrical/topological approach to shape analysis and comparison. A global method for reducing size graphs is presented, together with a theorem stating that size graphs reduced in such a way preserve all t...