Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a well-characterized role in limiting autoimmunity and dampening deleterious immune responses. However, a potential consequence of the immunosuppressive function of Tregs can be the limitation of protective immunity to infectious pathogens. Parasitic infections are a potent stimulus for the generation of Treg responses, which may be beneficial to both th...

in order to determine prevalence of echinoccocus and other intestinal helminths infection one hundred stray dogs were examined in mashhad area, khorasan province of iran. helminths were collected from intestinal contents obtained at the time necropsy. ninety one percent of the dogs were infected by different helminths. the prevalence of echinococcus granulosus was (22%). eighteen (81%) of infec...

A worm-infected host scanning globally may not cause any new infection in its underlying local network before it is detected and quarantined by a worm detector. To defend this type of scanning hosts, a number of worm scanner detection methods such as failed scan detection, honeypot, and dark port detection are proposed. However, for a stealthier worm limiting its scan inside an enterprise netwo...

Inequality in body sizes is a common feature in populations of helminth parasites, with potential consequences for egg production and population genetics. Inequalities in body lengths and the effects of intraspecific competition on worm length were studied in a species of mermithid nematode parasitic in the crustacean Talorchestia quoyana (Amphipoda: Talitridae). The majority of the 753 worms r...

K e y w o r d s F i l m casting, Longitudinal stretching, Transverse stretching, Modelling industrial processes. 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N Film casting (Figure 1) is a widely used manufacturing process for polymeric films production; other processes are blow casting and extrusion, now generally used for the production of low quality films. A general overview of fihn casting and other analogous...

While traditional Internet worms take hours or days to infect a high percentage of vulnerable hosts, a flash worm takes seconds. Because of the rapid rate at which flash worms spread, existing worm defense mechanisms cannot respond fast enough to detect and stop a flash worm infection. In this project, we propose a geometric-based detection mechanism that can detect the spread of flash worms in...

A copro-antigen capture ELISA for the detection of Teladorsagia circumcincta infection in sheep was developed and evaluated. Experiments with faeces from worm-free sheep, that had been spiked with known concentrations of excretory-secretory (E-S) antigen indicated that a positive signal was generated with 180 ng of E-S/ml. A nested design, based on 8 infected and 8 worm-free sheep, was employed...

Cystic Echinococcosis is an important zoonosis in the sheep rising areas of Iran. To develop a simple and reliable diagnostic method for Echinococcus infection in definitive hosts, E. granulosus polyoclonal antibodies (PolyAbs) were prepared from adult worm in rabbit. A selected PoAb was used for coproantigen detection in faecal samples obtained from animals naturally infected with Echinococcus...

Iliac fixation is indicated to provide spinopelvic stabilization in select cases of long segment thoracolumbar spine fusion, spinal osteotomy/realignment, trauma, and instability caused by tumor or infection. Traditional iliac fixation with iliac screws or S2 alar/iliac (S2AI) screws may provide inadequate fixation in select clinical scenarios, such as severely compromised bone quality or spino...