a new competitive immunochromatography (icg) strip test based on polyclonal antibody (pab) conjugated with gold nanoparticles (nps) was developed and its applications for primary screening of immunoglobulin (ig) a in serum were evaluated. nanocolloidal gold as the detection reagent, with an average particle diameter of 20 nm, was synthesized and labelled pab. the antibody-nanocolloidal gold pro...

objective(s): erythropoietin (epo), is a 34kda glycoprotein hormone, which belongs to type 1 cytokine superfamily. epo involves in erythrocyte maturation through inhibition of apoptosis in erythroid cells. besides its main function, protective effects of epo in heart and brain tissues have been reported. epo has a critical role in development, growth, and homeostasis of brain. furthermore epo h...

introduction: the current study evaluated the value of red blood cell (rbc) indices and the corresponding cut- off points for β-thalassemia control programs in iran. materials and methods: 1,150 individuals (575 couples) with low rbc indices and normal hemoglobin a2 who had been referred to the genetic centre of isfahan, were tested during pre-marital screening analyses, in the 2 year period, 2...

background: there is a long lasting dilemma over the ideal screening and diagnostic method in gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm). even though universal screening is commonly practiced, selective screening based on risk factors is also practiced in some center. the aim of this study is to evaluate the most appropriate method to screen gdm in high‑risk pregnant women in sri lanka. methods: this ...

psychological symptoms are considered as one of the aspects and consequences of cardiovascular diseases (cvds), management of which can precipitate and facilitate the process of recovery. evaluation of the psychological symptoms can increase awareness of treatment team regarding patients’ mental health, which can be beneficial for designing treatment programs (1). however, time-consuming proces...

background: primary health care physicians (phcps) are the first in the clinic to detect and help victims of intimate partner violence (ipv). therefore, their attitude and practice toward domestic violence (dv) are important to manage this problem. the aim of current study was to compare the behavior and attitude of phcps about dv versus other health risk factors in tehran, iran.   methods : a ...

japan, known as a pro-choice country in terms of abortion, is currently facing the increase of “selective abortions” thanks to new prenatal screening. efforts to restrict proliferation of new technology has not been successful and it is likely that japan will turn pro-life by strictly enforcing the maternity protection act (mpa), which prohibits abortions due to “fetal cause”.

background: oropharyngeal dysphagia following stroke enhances the risk of dehydration, malnutrition, aspiration  pneumonia, persistent disablement, and even death. screening of dysphagia has been shown to positively change health outcomes. the aim of the present study was to systematically introduce the published swallowing screening methods in patients with stroke and  their appropriateness fo...

in the previous two parts of educational manuscript series in emergency, we explained some screening characteristics of diagnostic tests including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. in the 3rd  part we aimed to explain positive and negative likelihood ratio (lr) as one of the most reliable performance measures of a diagnostic test. to better underst...

context maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) and alpha fetal protein (afp) were originally introduced to detect trisomy 21 and neural tube defects. however, in the absence of aneuploidy or neural tube defects, mid-trimester maternal serum hcg and/or maternal serum afp associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. pregnancies with unexplained mid-trimester elevation in maternal serum ...