Subluxation syndrome is a legitimate, potentially testable, theoretical construct for which there is little experimental evidence. Acceptable as hypothesis, the widespread assertion of the clinical meaningfulness of this notion brings ridicule from the scientific and health care communities and confusion within the chiropractic profession. We believe that an evidence-orientation among chiroprac...

Many people still think of atomic energy as a matter of scientists with scientific assistants and laboratories with laboratory-type equipment. The factories of the Industrial Group of the U.K. Atomic Energy Authority are controlled and directed by engineers and industrial chemists as well as by physicists, most of whom must be as skilled in management as they are in the technical complexities o...

The environmental monitoring data that is generated should be collected in a manner that is in conformance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs). The personnel supervising the environmental monitoring program should be competent in the appropriate scientific discipline and have the training (including within the industry) and the authority required to make and implement change. Equi...

non-authority of “alidjma almadraki” (idjma with known origins) is a topic frequently raised in the usulis’ contemporary literature. in this paper, the authority of “alidjma almadraki” has been studied through revisiting this idjma since the introduction of idjma in general by shia scholars up to the present. the results of this study show that based on all foundations raised to prove the autho...

Controversy surrounding the decision to resuscitate at the limits or borderline of viability has been at the center of neonatal ethical debate for decades. This debate has led to numerous reports from individual institutions, councils, and advisory committees that all have remarkable consistency in the development of gestational age-based guidelines. This article reviews legal or regulatory con...

A worker in basic scientific research is motivated by a driving curiosity about the unknown. When his explorations yield new knowledge, he experiences the satisfaction of those who first attain the summit of a mountain or the upper reaches of a river flowing through unmapped territory. Discovery of truth and understanding of nature are his objectives. His professional standing among his fellows...

The amount and variety of digital information readily available to the public has become one of the defining features of the intellectual and scientific landscape. Digital information is bringing to the forefront new questions for computing and information science, e.g., how should this information be organized, searched, and evaluated. Universities, publishers, government, and other esteemed p...

In 2013 the American Psychiatric Association (APA) published the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Even before publication, DSM-5 received a torrent of criticism, most prominently over removal of the "bereavement exclusion" for the diagnosis of major depression. We argue that while the APA can claim legitimate authority for deciding scientific q...

This document provides an opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO Panel) of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) on genetically modified maize MON 863 and the maize hybrid MON 863 x MON 810. The opinion is based on two questions raised by the Commission related to applications for the placing of the maize on the market by Monsanto under the Novel Food Regulat...