Introduction Universities and colleges in the United States are overseen by boards of trustees, regents, overseers, or similarly titled entities. With respect to their place in the hierarchical structure, such boards are similar to boards of directors in corporations. Indeed, for nonstate institutions of higher education, their legal status is effectively the same. Although similar in structure...

The Microsoft version of the game Minesweeper has a known bug that makes sequences of boards appear again after generating thousands of boards, in a cycle, disturbing the random nature of the game. This article exposes the results of a research made in 2004, as well as the subsequent secondary discoveries, like the existence of boards made of combinations of mines from two consecutive boards of...

Australia does not have varroa mite. However, we investigated whether modified hive bottom boards used for varroa mite management in honey bee colonies had other benefits, for honey production. We compared a number of colony parameters between hives fitted with tube, mesh and conventional (solid) bottom boards in two locations in eastern Australian, Richmond NSW and Castlemaine Victoria. Coloni...

This paper documents several significant correlations between the variability of stock returns, the structure of director compensation and the gender diversity of corporate boards. In a crosssectional sample of boards of directors of 1024 publicly traded firms in fiscal year 1998, we find three robust results: (1) firms facing more variability in their stock returns have fewer women on their bo...

This article investigates the relationship between the characteristics of medical licensing boards and the frequency with which boards discipline physicians. Specifically, we take advantage of variation in the structure of medical licensing boards between 1993 and 2003 to determine the effect of organizational and budgetary independence, public oversight, and resource constraints on rates of ph...

ICT are often seen as useful tools for educative purposes, in an instrumental perspective that corresponds to a certain appropriation of technology for social mobility. The investment on ICT from families as well as from State derives from an expectation on their utility regarding the children’s education, as long as and in so far – as they are regulated and controlled for maximized utility. As...

The rice production process produces a by-product called agricultural waste, namely straw. Rice straws in huge quantities can be used to manufacture various products such as paper, art decor boards, and paintings. Processing straw waste increase the value-selling of product reduce environmental pollution. found Padang City, especially around location State Development Agricultural Vocational Hi...

Due to the increasing complexity of circuit boards, testing loaded boards is becoming prohibitively expensive and more difficult to perform. Board complexity has resulted from the rapid development of surface-mount technology and from the use of multilayered boards. Finer pin spacing and the use of double-sided boards also have contributed to the increased cost and difficulty of traditional tes...