The virtuality of the target photon, P , has to be much smaller than the virtuality Q of the probe photon such that the neglected terms of order O(P /Q) are small. In the following, we are interested in the photon structure function F γ(P ) 2 (x,Q ) which enters the deep inelastic electron photon cross section in exactly the same way as is well known from deep inelastic electron proton scattering

Parton distributions in the photon from γ * γ and γ * p scattering Abstract Leading order parton distributions in the photon are extracted from the existing F γ 2 measurements and the low-x proton structure function. The latter is related to the photon structure function by assuming Gribov factorization to hold at low x. The resulting parton distributions in the photon are found to be consisten...

Photon scattering angular distributions from various animal tissues were measured at two energies of a monochromatic synchrotron x-ray beam. Two plastics and human breast tissue were also measured. From these two measurements, the molecular coherent scattering form factor of each material was extracted. A new data analysis technique that uses Monte Carlo based corrections for air scattering, in...

We study a large ensemble of nuclear spins interacting with a single electron spin in a quantum dot under optical excitation and photon detection. At the two-photon resonance between the two electron-spin states, the detection of light scattering from the intermediate exciton state acts as a weak quantum measurement of the effective magnetic (Overhauser) field due to the nuclear spins. In a coh...

We study the perturbative Odderon in the quasidiffractive process γγ → ηcηc. At high energies this process is dominated by Odderon exchange and can be viewed as the theoretically cleanest test of the perturbative Odderon. We calculate the differential and total cross section, as well as the dependence on the energy and on the photon virtualities taking into account the effects of resummation of...

We show that QED nonlinear effects imply a phase correction to the linear evolution of electromagnetic waves in vacuum. We provide explicit solutions of the modified Maxwell equations for the propagation of a superposition of two plane waves and calculate analytically and numerically the corresponding phase shift. This provides a new framework for the search of all-optical signatures of photon-...

The process of radiation from high-energy electron and electron-positron pair production by a photon in oriented single crystal is considered using the method which permits inseparable consideration of both coherent and incoherent mechanisms of photon emission from an electron and of pair creation by a photon and includes the action of field of axis (or plane) as well as the multiple scattering...

The diffractive scattering of photon off proton γp→ γY (where Y denotes the proton dissociative system or the elastically scattered proton) is measured in two different kinematic regimes at high energy with the H1 detector at HERA. i) the process is studied for the first time at large transverse photon momentum pγt > 2 GeV in photoproduction regime (Q 2 < 0.01 GeV) and photon-proton c.m.s. ener...

Quantitative predictions for the energy and A dependence of the nuclear photoabsorption cross section and inelastic electron-nucleus scattering are given. In general each nucleon does not contribute equally to the total photon-nucleus cross section when coherent contributions of photoproduced hadrons are taken into account. At low energies (E Y N 1 BeV) the cross sections are proportional to nu...

It is shown that a speciic beyond-dipole-approximation polarization eeect in elastic photon-atom scattering, resulting in circular dichroism (CD) when the scattered photon has a suitable observed linear polarization, has signiicance in the x-ray regime. Ground state atoms are considered, assumed to be randomly oriented. The cross section, given our assumptions, is written in terms of photon Sto...