The production of the type I antimicrobial peptide (AMP) subtilin by Bacillus subtilis is regulated in a cell-density-dependent manner [Kleerebezem M, de Vos WM, Kuipers OP. The lantibiotics nisin and subtilin act as extracellular regulators of their own biosynthesis. In: Dunny GM, Winans SC, editors. Cell-cell signaling in bacteria. Washington, D.C., USA: ASM Press; 1999. p. 159-74; Stein T, B...

BACKGROUND The bacterium Bacillus subtilis, which is not a natural riboflavin overproducer, has been converted into an excellent production strain by classical mutagenesis and metabolic engineering. To our knowledge, the enhancement of riboflavin excretion from the cytoplasm of overproducing cells has not yet been considered as a target for (further) strain improvement. Here we evaluate the fla...

human insulin-like growth factor 1 (higf-1) consists of 70 amino acids in a single chain with three intermolecular disulfide bridges possessing valuable therapeutic effects. to date, numerous variants of specifically engineered higf-1 have been produced so as to improve higf-1 biological activity, stability and stronger binding to igf-1 receptor. mecasermin is one of the modified variants with ...

A study was carried out to evaluate the probiotic activity of Bacillus subtilis G1 isolated from fermented pickles in growth performance and disease resistance of Hemibagrus nemurus fingerlings at Universiti Putra Malaysia. The probiotic was mixed in feed at doses of 0 (C, control), 3 x 109 (T1) 3 x 107 (T2) and 3 x 105 (T3) cfu g-1 and fed to the catfish fingerlings for nine weeks. Results sho...

First of all, since the area of biological control is so vast, I will be restricting my talk to the area of biocontrol of postharvest fruit pathogens. Fungicides are a primary means of controlling postharvest diseases. However, as a result of public concern about the presence of synthetic chemicals in our food supply and environment, several fungicides have been banned by the U. S. Environmenta...

Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is a potential and attractive host for the production of recombinant proteins. Different expression systems for B. subtilis have been developed recently, and various target proteins have been recombinantly synthesized and purified using this host. In this chapter, we introduce a generic protocol to express a recombinant protein in B. subtilis. It includes protoco...

Two biological control agents, Bacillus subtilis AP-01 (Larminar(™)) and Trichoderma harzianum AP-001 (Trisan(™)) alone or/in combination were investigated in controlling three tobacco diseases, including bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), damping-off (Pythium aphanidermatum), and frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora nicotiana). Tests were performed in greenhouse by soil sterilization prior to i...